{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:05:31Z","timestamp":1788303931974,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"25","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000964","name":"Arthritis National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANRF\/ARG\/2025\/000880\/CS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANRF\/ARG\/2025\/000880\/CS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000964","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Angew Chem Int Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study reports an unprecedented odd\u2013even spacer\u2010length effect on the supramolecular polymerization and piezoelectricity of a series of amide\u2010functionalized naphthalene\u2010diimide (NDI) derivatives. By varying the number of methylene units (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0= 1\u20134) in the linker between the NDI\u2010core and the hydrogen\u2010bonding amide group, we demonstrate that the parity of the spacer dictates the stability, internal\u2010order, gelation, and functionality of the supramolecular polymers. Even\u2010spacer derivatives exhibit significantly higher thermal stability, melting points, and gel\u2010phase elasticity compared to their odd\u2010spacer counterparts. Supramolecular polymerization for all derivatives follows a nucleation\u2010elongation pathway; however, even\u2010spacer monomers display markedly higher cooperativity and also favor more stable elongation. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations elucidate the structural origin of these differences: even\u2010spacer derivatives adopt a tightly packed helical \u03c0\u2010stacking pattern that results in the cancellation of the in\u2010plane dipoles. In contrast, odd\u2010spacer derivatives form linear, offset stacking motifs where individual dipoles align and accumulate, leading to highly polarizable supramolecular polymers. This divergence in the internal dipole orientation translates into a dramatic odd\u2013even effect on the piezoelectric dipolar hysteresis. Odd\u2010spacer derivatives exhibit remarkably high positive piezoelectric coefficients (maximum\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>33<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u223c 75 pm\/V), whereas even\u2010spacer systems show much weaker, and rarely reported negative responses (minimum\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>33<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u221215 pm\/V).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.5599053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:51:33Z","timestamp":1777531893000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Remarkable Effect of Odd\u2013Even Spacer in Supramolecular Polymerization and Piezoresponse of Amide\u2010Functionalized Naphthalene Diimides"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Aritri","family":"Pal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swadesh","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradipta Kumar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7684-1963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biman","family":"Jana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuja","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Nanotechnology SRM Institute of Science and Technology India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4199-4382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suhrit","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science  Kolkata India"},{"name":"Technical Research Center Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900181u"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00188"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570\u2010019\u20100153\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr400195e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202402259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00497C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/accountsmr.1c00241"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202400379"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.0c00492"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5CS00909J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CC01983H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b04693"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c05642"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c06125"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202520168"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201015422\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c12894"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SC02499K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202201956"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201407302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.18770100204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2012.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557\u2010020\u20100429\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja509436k"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.202100265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b08053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202314848"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201604262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","article-title":"Piezoelectric Nylon\u201011 Fibers for Electronic Textiles, Energy Harvesting and Sensing","volume":"30","author":"Anwar S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advanced Functional Materials"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SC03797A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm102343r"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TC04515A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202109492"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202303120"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3EE42454E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aav3780"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9MH00094A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","unstructured":"NDI\u20105 Exhibited a Markedly Lower Self\u2010Assembly Propensity Evidenced by UV\/Vis Spectra Suggesting Incomplete Aggregation (Figure\u00a0S7). This Was Corroborated by TEM Imaging Which Revealed Only Sporadic Short Fibers (FigureS7) and Irregular Structures Likely Produced From Monomeric or Oligomeric Species During the Drying Process. Consequently NDI\u20105 Was Excluded From the Comparative Analysis of the Odd\u2010Even Effect as Its Behavior Appeared Dominated by a General Decline in the Assembly Strength Due to Increased Chain Length."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3689-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201002208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00160"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS00239A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201002307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1nr10151j"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202101492"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201303379"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200902415"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jz201046x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CC05569E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CC08693H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b00504"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b11674"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC08790G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CC04120K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202502794"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ente.201800852"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202308104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.3c00394"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c05469"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SC05016A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b03811"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CC02506J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.3c01232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200501394"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay5065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201901391"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.matsci.29.1.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1149664"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00398"}],"container-title":["Angewandte Chemie International Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/anie.5599053","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/anie.5599053","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/anie.5599053","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T09:48:39Z","timestamp":1781516919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/anie.5599053"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"25","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/anie.5599053"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/anie.5599053","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1433-7851","1521-3773"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1433-7851","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-3773","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e5599053"}}