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Graphite is the only carbon\u2010based critical material recognized by numerous countries and international organizations, with various applications including energy storage on Earth and Mars. Herein, this study realizes the mild, efficient in situ synthesis of graphite from CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O, and borate, which are abundant on both planets. At 220\u00b0C and 5.0\u00a0MPa with NaBH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    , graphite is obtained with 79.2% selectivity and 93.1\u00a0wt.% purity, and byproduct NaBO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    can be electrochemically recycled for sustainable material utilization. Mechanistic investigations reveal that CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reacts with NaBH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    to form methane, ethylene, and propadiene. Methane and ethylene generate aromatics, while propadiene promotes polymerization into graphite. As a Zn\u2010based battery anode, the graphite retains 90.9% capacity after 2500 cycles at 1.0 A\u00b7g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    for Zn\u2010CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ||MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , confirming excellent energy storage performance. This work not only provides a novel, sustainable strategy for CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    utilization and storage but also aims to bridge terrestrial environmental crisis mitigation and extraterrestrial in\u2010situ resource utilization, laying a foundational basis for material, environmental, and energy sustainability on Earth and Mars.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.5750397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T09:38:45Z","timestamp":1784540325000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    \u2010Derived Graphite: A Critical Material for Terrestrial and Martian Sustainability"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology  Nanjing Jiangsu P. 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