{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:07:15Z","timestamp":1790006835552,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Angew Chem Int Ed"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Understanding nanoparticle growth in complex composite systems remains a central challenge in materials chemistry. Herein, we elucidate the stepwise formation mechanism of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in graphene oxide (GO) aqueous systems under well\u2010defined reductive conditions. Pulse radiolysis reveals that GO significantly accelerates AuCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    reduction by hydrated electrons (\n                    <jats:italic>e<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>aq<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), thereby altering early\u2010stage kinetics. Operando synchrotron small\u2010angle x\u2010ray scattering (SAXS) and time\u2010resolved UV\u2013vis absorption spectroscopy enable direct observation of AuNP nucleation and growth. Au(III) reduction precedes GO reduction, and nascent Au clusters preferentially anchor at GO edges through interactions with carboxyl groups, resulting in anisotropic, size\u2010constrained growth. As GO becomes progressively reduced, depletion of oxygen\u2010containing functional groups weakens interfacial stabilization and promotes nanoparticle coalescence. This stepwise mechanism integrates kinetic, spectroscopic, structural, and theoretical evidence, identifying GO as both a kinetic modulator and a spatial growth regulator. The insights provide general design principles for size\u2010controlled nanoparticle growth in graphene\u2010based composite systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.6455772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:48:29Z","timestamp":1790005709000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of Graphene Oxide in the Nucleation and Growth of Gold Nanoparticles Revealed by Operando Time\u2010Resolved Studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0649-9113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liran","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut De Chimie Physique, ICP, UMR 8000 CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay  Orsay 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