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The development of energy\u2010efficient and stable CER system is therefore urgently needed. Nano\u2010interfaced electrodes exhibit superior catalytic performance, yet their mechanism for energy saving and system stability remains incompletely understood. Here, we combine a high\u2010speed camera and confocal laser scanning microscope Platform to visualize and digitalize the bubble evolution and the bubble\u2010induced overpotential (\n                    <jats:italic>\u019e<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>bub<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). We provide direct visual evidence that the bubble\u2010induced concentration gradients and fluid flow field disturbances are key regulators of overpotential, and that the nano\u2010interfaced electrode exhibits an\n                    <jats:italic>\u019e<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>bub<\/jats:sub>\n                    of only approximately 49% of that of the flat\u2010interfaced electrode. Specifically, the nano interface not only generates a stronger interfacial electric field and enhanced bubble\u2010induced interfacial turbulence\u2014which promote the Cl\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    migration to the electrode surface\u2014but also induces a \u201cdirect\u2010injection\u201d mode of bubble growth that mitigates the accumulation of reaction products near the electrode. Moreover, the Cl\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    enrichment capacity of the nano interface endows the near\u2010interface solution with ionic buffering capability, effectively suppressing potential fluctuations. This work demonstrates that regulating bubble dynamics is key to constructing energy\u2010saving and stable gas\u2010evolving electrochemical systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.7932263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:55:48Z","timestamp":1792036548000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cDirect Injection\u201d Bubble Growth Mediated by Nano\u2010Interfaced Electrodes for Efficient Chlorine Production"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Xingxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Water and Ecology School of Environment Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Iron and Steel Industry Environmental Protection Tsinghua University  Beijing 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