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In contrast, afterglow luminophores enable prolonged emission after excitation ceases, effectively suppressing biological background noise and enhancing the imaging signal\u2011to\u2011background ratio. However, existing afterglow probes are largely limited to nanoparticles of semiconducting polymer or synthetic organic molecules, with no report of a natural\u2010product\u2010derived afterglow system in hydrogel form. This study pioneers the discovery that chlorogenic acid (CA), a natural antitumor agent, exhibits unique sonoafterglow properties. This finding prompted the design of a CA prodrug capable of self\u2011assembling in water into a CA\u2011based supramolecular hydrogel\u2014representing the first example of a sonoafterglow hydrogel rather than conventional nanoparticle formulations. The VP@Pro\u2011CA gel formulation, which incorporates the sonosensitizer verteporfin (VP), allows post\u2011operative local injection for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) to prevent glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence. Crucially, the ONOO\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2011triggered afterglow emission enables real\u2011time therapeutic monitoring, demonstrating exceptional potential for GBM theranostics. Notably, CA constitutes a novel class of biosafe, small\u2011molecule sonoafterglow substrates with intrinsic pharmacological activity, offering unparalleled advantages for clinical translation in this emerging field.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.8630985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T08:20:38Z","timestamp":1785486038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Situ Sonoafterglow Supramolecular Hydrogel From Natural Substrate for Post\u2010Surgical Glioblastoma Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Engineering School of Pharmacy Nanchang Medical College  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