{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:02:11Z","timestamp":1792008131113,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Analytical Science Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A simple, rapid, cost\u2010effective and environment friendly analytical method based on dispersive liquid\u2010liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled to injection port silylation (IPS)\u2013gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry is described for the determination of morphine in illicit opium samples. Raw opium was dispersed in ultrapure water and 5\u00a0mL of aqueous sample was subjected to DLLME by rapidly injecting a mixture of chloroform and acetone (extraction and disperser solvent, respectively) followed by ultrasonication for 1\u00a0min and subsequent centrifugation for 3\u00a0min at 5000\u00a0rpm. The sedimented phase thus obtained was reconstituted in acetonitrile and 1 \u00b5L along with 1 \u00b5L of N,O\u2010Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide (BSA) was injected manually into GC\u2010MS injection port at a temperature of 250\u00b0C. The derivatization reaction was completed instantaneously inside the heated GC\u2010MS injection port without any side product. Various parameters associated with IPS and DLLME have been thoroughly optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the method has been found linear in the range of 5\u201050\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL with a correlation coefficient (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) of 0.997. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for morphine\u2010diTMS were found to be 1.6 and 4.8\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. The method has been successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of morphine in illicit opium samples. In conclusion, the proposed method has completely eliminated the time consuming and laborious steps of LLE and in\u2010vial silylation and can be routinely used for analysis of opium and other polar analytes in forensic science laboratories.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ansa.202000121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T00:19:35Z","timestamp":1605917975000},"page":"387-396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A rapid and cost\u2010effective method based on dispersive liquid\u2010liquid microextraction coupled to injection port silylation\u2010gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry for determination of morphine in illicit opium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Rajeev","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Toxicology Division Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Directorate of Forensic Science Services, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India  Sector 36\u2010A, Dakshin Marg Chandigarh 160036 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meenu","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Explosives Division Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Directorate of Forensic Science Services, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India  Sector 36\u2010A, Dakshin Marg Chandigarh 160036 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Toxicology Division Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Directorate of Forensic Science Services, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India  Sector 36\u2010A, Dakshin Marg Chandigarh 160036 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohitshva Mani","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Toxicology Division Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Directorate of Forensic Science Services, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India  Sector 36\u2010A, Dakshin Marg Chandigarh 160036 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801238-3.65390-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2018.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-22144-6_34"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"World Drug Report, Executive Summary","author":"United Nations Office on Drug and Crime","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"World Drug Report, Depressants","author":"United Nations Office on Drug and Crime","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200401767"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-007-0028-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-012-5716-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2015.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2011.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/796349"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2006.09.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/26.3.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"1042","article-title":"Dispersive liquid\u2010liquid microextraction\u2010injector port silylation: a viable option for the analysis of polar analytes using gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry","volume":"2","author":"Jain R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Austin J Anal Pharm Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime. 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