{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T02:51:48Z","timestamp":1783133508001,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]],"date-time":"2021-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001745","name":"Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Analytical Science Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Differentiating smoldering disease activity from weakness due to fatty replacement of atrophied muscle can often be a challenge in\u00a0the idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM).\u00a0We aimed to identify the metabolic disturbances associated with IIM and if these changes can aid in the assessment of disease activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metabolic profiles of sera (N\u00a0=\u00a099) and muscle (N\u00a0=\u00a021) from patients with IIM\u00a0(ACR\u2010EULAR criteria) were compared\u00a0with healthy control (HC) samples (N\u00a0=\u00a075 for serum and N\u00a0=\u00a012 for muscle tissues) employing 800\u00a0MHz NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy. Metabolic disparity between IIM and HC was established based on Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS\u2010DA) and the discriminatory metabolites were identified based on variable importance in projection (VIP) statistics\u00a0(<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05, corrected for false discovery rate (FDR)).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum metabolomics profiles were distinctive in IIM as compared to HC, with a visible shift to anaerobic metabolism (increased lactate, low glucose), oxidative defect (high Phenylalanine\/tyrosine), decreased muscle mass (low serum creatinine), increased muscle catabolism (increased branched\u2010chain amino acids), and dyslipidemia (higher lipids, higher very low\u2010density lipoprotein [VLDL]\/low\u2010density lipoprotein [LDL] ratio, lower polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA]). The sera of active IIM patients were characterized by anaerobic metabolism (low glucose), loss of muscle mass (low creatinine, amino acids), and oxidative defect (high Phenylalanine\/tyrosine). Three metabolites (isopropanol, succinate, and glycine) were distinctive in muscle tissue metabolomics. NMR\u2010based serum metabolic disparity was lacking between different clinical subsets of IIM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum\u00a0and muscle tissue metabolomics have the potential to distinguish (a) IIM from HC and (b) active IIM from inactive IIM irrespective of disease subtype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ansa.202000171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T08:34:08Z","timestamp":1623054848000},"page":"515-526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["NMR\u2010based serum and muscle metabolomics for diagnosis and activity assessment in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4158-2241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anupam","family":"Guleria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Biomedical 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