{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T07:06:42Z","timestamp":1789628802808,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Plant Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Premise<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Advances in the digitization of herbarium collections are enabling open access to specimen data for research and conservation. In Brazil, the Herb\u00e1rio Virtual Reflora (HVR) hosts over 4.8 million high\u2010resolution images of botanical specimens and their associated data from 86 national and international herbaria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To facilitate access and use of HVR data in biodiversity research, we developed the R package refloraR. This tool interacts with the HVR Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) to download, parse, summarize, and filter herbarium records in Darwin Core Archive (DwC\u2010A) and dataframes. It also retrieves occurrence records and indeterminate specimens for any hierarchical level. We provide a working example that combines the refloraR functions for quantifying indeterminate specimens as an indicator of taxonomic gaps within and among collections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The refloraR package supports reproducible workflows in systematics, conservation, and ecology. By enabling the efficient retrieval of specimen data, it integrates the HVR into modern biodiversity informatics and democratizes access to natural history collections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aps3.70081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:46:33Z","timestamp":1789627593000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["refloraR: An R package for efficiently retrieving and analyzing plant specimen data from the Herb\u00e1rio Virtual Reflora"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3897-4615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Calder\u00f3n del Cid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9634-0365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Fl\u00e1via Alves","family":"Versiane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jardim Bot\u00e2nico do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2997-3784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Leitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jardim Bot\u00e2nico do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0372-4325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana Ranzato","family":"Filardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jardim Bot\u00e2nico do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7035-9313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafaela Campostrini","family":"Forzza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jardim Bot\u00e2nico do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Chico Mendes de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Biodiversidade, Parque Nacional do Descobrimento Prado Bahia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7072-2656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domingos","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jardim Bot\u00e2nico do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/zookeys.209.3313"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1011841108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tax.12640"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aps3.70016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2010.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.13291"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1706756114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppp3.10425"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aps3.11623"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3732\/apps.1600125"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biz163"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13529"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"Index Herbariorum.2026(continuously updated). Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff [published online]. New York Botanical Garden Bronx New York USA. Websitehttp:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/ih\/[accessed 18 August 2026]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life13122310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/18253911-0390310111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biaa069"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2017.0391"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3732\/apps.1500065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1676-0611-BN-2024-1701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"R Core Team.2025.R: A language and environment for statistical computing.R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna Austria. Websitehttps:\/\/www.R-project.org\/[accessed 29 January 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","unstructured":"Reflora.2025. Herb\u00e1rio Virtual Reflora. 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