{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:25:16Z","timestamp":1790630716861,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,5]],"date-time":"2001-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1002240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anat. Rec."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the cellular mechanisms of physiological root resorption in human deciduous teeth, the authors examined the immunocytochemical localization of vacuolar\u2010type H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010ATPase, a lysosomal cysteine proteinase, cathepsin K, matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 (MMP\u20109), and receptor activator of NFKB ligand (RANKL) in odontoclasts. H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010ATPase, cathepsin K, and MMP\u20109 are the most important enzymes for decalcification of apatite crystals and degradation of type\u2010I collagen. In addition, RANKL is one of the key regulatory molecules in osteoclast formation and functions. Odontoclasts developed extensive ruffled borders and clear zones apposed to the resorbing root dentine surfaces. On immunoelectron microscopy, the expression of vacuolar\u2010type H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010ATPase was detected along the limiting membranes of pale vacuoles and the ruffled border membranes of odontoclasts. Cathepsin K in odontoclasts was localized within pale vacuoles, lysosomes, the extracellular canals of ruffled borders, and the underlying resorbing dentine surfaces. MMP\u20109 localization in odontoclasts was similar to those of cathepsin K. RANKL was detected in both mononuclear stromal cells and odontoclasts located on resorbing dentine surfaces. These results suggest that (1) odontoclasts are directly involved in decalcification of apatite crystals by active extrusion of proton ions mediated by H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010ATPase and (2) extracellular degradation of dentine type\u2010I collagen by both cathepsin K and MMP\u20109, and (3) odontoclast differentiation and activity are regulated, at least in part, by RANKL, possibly produced by mononuclear stromal cells and odontoclasts themselves in the resorbing tissues. Thus, the cellular mechanisms of physiological root resorption appear to be quite similar to those of osteoclastic bone resorption. Anat Rec 264:305\u2013311, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T21:24:42Z","timestamp":1030310682000},"page":"305-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Immunolocalization of vacuolar\u2010type H<sup>+<\/sup>\u2010ATPase, cathepsin K, matrix metalloproteinase\u20109, and receptor activator of NFkB ligand in odontoclasts during physiological root resorption of human deciduous teeth"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Oshiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinobu","family":"Shibasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. John","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahisa","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/36593"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.101.6.2210"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.21.12517"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00319323"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4805313"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm3.1995.376.6.379"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.4.2126"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"557","volume-title":"Biological mechanisms of tooth eruption, resorption and replacement by implants","author":"Brudvik P","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"289","volume-title":"Biology and physiology of the osteoclasts","author":"Delaisse JM","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.21.12511"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041500202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345710500050201"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.5.997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(68)90168-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00717054"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00315829"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.13.8109"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00318728"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00214-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/16852"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81569-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650100809"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(96)00351-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Ultrastructural and cytochemical study of the odontoclasts in physiologic root resorption of human deciduous teeth","volume":"41","author":"Matsuda E","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Electron Microsc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.8586"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(70)90102-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","first-page":"18445","article-title":"H+\u2010translocating ATP\u2010ase in Golgi apparatus: characterization as vacuolar H+\u2010ATPase and its subunit structures","volume":"31","author":"Moriyama Y","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"Localization of matrix metalloproteinase 9(92\u2010kilodalton gelatinase\/type IV collagenase = gelatinase B) in osteoclasts: implications for bone resorption","volume":"72","author":"Okada Y","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.124.6.1091"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"383","volume-title":"Biological mechanisms of tooth eruption, resorption and replacement by implants","author":"Sahara N","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(199601)244:1<33::AID-AR4>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00303076"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3090721"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0029(19960201)33:2<182::AID-JEMT8>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345920710120501"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001830404"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","first-page":"321","volume-title":"Biological mechanisms of tooth eruption and root resorption","author":"Sasaki T","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000146777"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1990.tb01036.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345900690011101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","first-page":"265","article-title":"Expression of vacuolar H+\u2010ATPase in osteoclasts and its role in resorption","volume":"278","author":"Sasaki T","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","first-page":"243","volume-title":"Biological mechanisms of tooth movement and craniofacial adaptation","author":"Sato Y","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0185(20000901)260:1<72::AID-AR80>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(90)91709-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004419900092"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345900690031101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345860650080901"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42227-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.8610"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198806000-00033","article-title":"Cellular biology and biochemical mechanism of bone resorption","volume":"231","author":"Vaes G","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.111.3.1305"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650090415"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.7.3597"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(98)00138-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345970760010901"}],"container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Far.1127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ar.1127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T15:34:10Z","timestamp":1700321650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ar.1127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,10]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ar.1127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ar.1127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-276X","1097-0185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-276X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,10]]}}}