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To assess and control this statistical noise requires a suite of mathematical techniques that: model their volume and cross\u2010sectional area ontogeny, determine the uniqueness and fractal dimensions of their outlines (useful in forensics), smooth their outlines via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and model their expansion via percolation cluster models (PCMs). Published data sets of FS outlines, cross\u2010sectional areas and volumes of Neanderthal and modern crania (obtained via CT\u2010imaging techniques) are utilized here for application of these novel mathematical methods, which necessitate a modeling approach. Results show that: FS noisiness can be explained as cluster growth, their fractal outlines have properties similar to closed random walks (Brownian bridges) about predefined curves, and the PCMs can simulate the emergence of lamellae. The statistical properties derived from the analysis techniques presented here suggest that an emergence of the lamellae via PCMs (with pinning and quenching\u2010correlated noise) resolves the masticatory stress debate by showing that the lamellae are indeed responses to masticatory stresses, but these are of so low a level that they cannot be measured with strain gauges. PCMs and Brownian bridges, defined by local rules, lead to the emergence of macroscopically observable morphologies. The methodologies presented here contribute to research in emergence phenomena and are not confined to morphological analyses of frontal sinuses. Anat Rec, 291:1455\u20131478, 2008. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,24]],"date-time":"2008-10-24T16:07:46Z","timestamp":1224864466000},"page":"1455-1478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mathematical Analysis Techniques of Frontal Sinus Morphology, with Emphasis on <i>Homo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"291","author":[{"given":"Hermann","family":"Prossinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,24]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Anatomy of paranasal sinuses","year":"1996","author":"Anon JR","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511599798"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","article-title":"Die Mussolini\u2010H\u00f6hle (Subalyuk) bei Cser\u00e9pfalu","volume":"14","author":"Bartucz L","year":"1940","journal-title":"Geol Hungarica ser Paleont Fasc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Fractals in biology and medicine","author":"Baumann G","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"318","article-title":"Ein menschensch\u00e4del aus dem diluvialen schottern von steinheim a.d. 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