{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T14:18:52Z","timestamp":1790259532827,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,27]],"date-time":"2013-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ontogenetic growth processes in human long bones are key elements, determining the variability of adult bone structure. This study seeks to identify and describe the interaction between ontogenetic growth periods and changes in femoral and tibial diaphyseal shape. Femora and tibiae (n\u2009=\u200946) ranging developmentally from neonate to skeletally mature were obtained from the Norris Farms No. 36 archeological skeletal series. High\u2010resolution X\u2010ray computed tomography scans were collected. Whole\u2010diaphysis cortical bone drift patterns and relative bone envelope modeling activity across ages were assessed in five cross\u2010sections per bone (total bone length: 20%, 35%, 50%, 65%, and 80%) by measuring the distance from the section centroid to the endosteal and periosteal margins in eight sectors using ImageJ. Pearson correlations were performed to document and interpret the relationship between the cross\u2010sectional shape (\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>min<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), total subperiosteal area, cortical area, and medullary cavity area for each slice location and age for both the femur and the tibia. Differences in cross\u2010sectional shape between age groups at each cross\u2010sectional position were assessed using nonparametric Mann\u2010Whitney\n                    <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                    tests. The data reveal that the femoral and tibial midshaft shape are relatively conserved throughout growth; yet, conversely, the proximal and distal femoral diaphysis and proximal tibial diaphysis appear more sensitive to developmentally induced changes in mechanical loading. Two time periods of accelerated change are identified: early childhood and prepuberty\/adolescence. Anat Rec, 296:774\u2013787, 2013. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,9]],"date-time":"2014-06-09T05:16:14Z","timestamp":1402290974000},"page":"774-787","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Development of Cortical Bone Geometry in the Human Femoral and Tibial Diaphysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"296","author":[{"given":"James H.","family":"Gosman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachariah R.","family":"Hubbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin N.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research Cambridge University Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy M.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology Pennsylvania State University University Park  Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Center for Quantitative X\u2010Ray Imaging EMS Energy Institute Pennsylvania State University, University Park  Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.12.2274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anthro.28.1.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2484(89)90088-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsb.2012.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icn066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10764-008-9297-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-007-0087-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080815"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21289"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2008.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1122"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Principles of bone remodeling","author":"Enlow DH","year":"1963"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091540307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-003-1539-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0221-8747(82)90031-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.10.1539"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"The early gain and later loss of cortical bone","author":"Garn S","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20778"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20931"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"S389","article-title":"Age\u2010related changes in cortical bone geometry in the human tibial diaphysis: a whole\u2010bone perspective","volume":"26","author":"Hubbell Z","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000103002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.02.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2968-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Archaeological investigations at the Morton Vilage and Norris Farms 36 Cemetery. 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