{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:53:41Z","timestamp":1759971221556,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,29]],"date-time":"2013-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT\u2003<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most frequent anterior chest deformity which may be frequently associated with connective tissue disorders. We performed microscopic analyses to better understand cartilage behavior and obtain clues on its pathogenesis. In 37 PE patients, none with Marfan syndrome, we analyzed costal cartilage by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Control tissue specimens were harvested from four patients without any connective tissue disease. In both control and PE patients, chondrocytes were on the average &lt;15 \u00b5m in diameter and occupied &lt;10% of tissue volume; in most cases the extracellular matrix was stained by alcian blue, instead of safranin; no difference between PE and control samples was significant. All samples showed an uneven collagen type II immunolabeling both within the cells and pericellular matrix, and occasionally of the territorial matrix. In all cases numerous cells underwent apoptosis accompanied by matrix condensation as shown by electron microscopy. Our results suggest that matrix composition and the cell number and size of costal cartilage are dependent on the subject and not on the disease; the microscopic organization of cartilage is correlated with the stabilization of the defective shape rather than with the onset of the deformity. Anat Rec, 296:1813\u20131820, 2013. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,9]],"date-time":"2014-06-09T05:23:55Z","timestamp":1402291435000},"page":"1813-1820","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Rib Cartilage Characterization in Patients Affected by Pectus Excavatum"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"296","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Tocchioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery University of Florence and Children's University Hospital A. Meyer Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ghionzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery University of Florence and Children's University Hospital A. Meyer Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Calosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Guasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Romagnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Messineo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery University of Florence and Children's University Hospital A. 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