{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T02:34:59Z","timestamp":1784774099996,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The snake skull represents a profound transformation of the ancestral squamate cranium in which dermal skull roof bones were integrated with the braincase, in a manner convergent with that which occurred during the origin of mammals. However, the ontogeny of snake characters at the origin of the clade has until now been inaccessible. Here we describe a postnatal ontogenetic series of the Late Cretaceous stem snake <jats:italic>Dinilysia patagonica<\/jats:italic> and compare it to that of extant lizards and snakes. Comparative analysis indicates notable ontogenetic changes, including advanced state of ossification, isometric growth of the otic capsule, fusion of the stylohyal to the quadrate, and great posterior elongation of the supratemporal. Of these transformations, the unfused condition of braincase bones and the retention of a large otic capsule in adults are examples of paedomorphic and peramorphic processes, respectively. Some ontogenetic transformations detected, in particular those present in middle ear, skull roof and suspensorium, are strikingly similar to those present in extant snakes. Nevertheless, <jats:italic>Dinilysia<\/jats:italic> retains a lizard\u2010like paroccipital process without an epiphyseal extremity, and a calcified epiphysis that caps the sphenoccipital tubercle. Finally, the integration of the dermal skull roof with the braincase is similar to that seen in mammals with regard to the overall closure of the braincase, but the two evolutionary and developmental modules appear less integrated in snakes in that the parietal bone of the dermal skull roof progressively overlaps the supraoccipital of the chondrocranial braincase. Anat Rec, 297:560\u2013573, 2014. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,9]],"date-time":"2014-06-09T05:17:12Z","timestamp":1402291032000},"page":"560-573","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Postnatal Development of the Skull of <i>Dinilysia patagonica<\/i> (Squamata\u2010Stem Serpentes)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"297","author":[{"given":"Agust\u00edn","family":"Scanferla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CONICET Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA (IBIGEO) Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Salta Salta Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhart\u2010Anjan S.","family":"Bhullar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/23.2.347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"193","volume-title":"Biology of the reptilia","author":"Baird IL","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The ossified braincase and cephalic osteoderms of Shinisaurus crocodilurus (Squamata, Shinisauridae)","volume":"8","author":"Bever GS","year":"2005","journal-title":"Palaeontol Electron"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.b.22456"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.2002.00472.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Los vertebrados f\u00f3siles de la Formaci\u00f3n Rio Colorado, de la ciudad de Neuqu\u00e9n y cercan\u00edas, Cret\u00e1cico Superior, Argentina","volume":"4","author":"Bonaparte JF","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rev Mus Arg Cs Nat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BonucciE GomezS.2012.Cartilage calcification. 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