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While partial leptin deficiency results in increased weight, the skeletal manifestations of partial leptin deficiency are less well defined. We therefore analyzed femora and lumbar vertebrae in growing (7\u2010week\u2010old) female C57BL\/6 wildtype (WT) mice, partial leptin\u2010deficient <jats:italic>ob\/+<\/jats:italic> mice, and leptin\u2010deficient <jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic> mice. The bones were evaluated by dual energy absorptiometry, microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry. As expected, <jats:italic>ob\/+<\/jats:italic> mice were heavier, had more white adipose tissue, and lower serum leptin than WT mice, but were lighter and had less white adipose tissue than <jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic> mice. With a few exceptions, cancellous bone architecture, cell (osteoblast, osteoclast, and adipocyte), and dynamic measurements did not differ between WT and <jats:italic>ob\/+<\/jats:italic> mice. In contrast, compared to WT and <jats:italic>ob\/+<\/jats:italic> mice, <jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic> mice had lower cancellous bone volume fraction, and higher bone marrow adiposity in the femur metaphysis, and higher cancellous bone volume fraction in lumbar vertebra. Paradoxically, <jats:italic>ob\/+<\/jats:italic> mice had greater femoral bone volume than either WT or <jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic> mice. There was a positive correlation between body weight and femur volume in all three genotypes. However, the positive effect of weight on bone occurred with lower body weight in leptin\u2010producing mice. The paradoxical differences in bone size among WT, <jats:italic>ob\/+<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic> mice may be explained if leptin, in addition to stimulating bone growth and cancellous bone turnover, acts to lower the set\u2010point at which increased body weight leads to a commensurate increase in bone size. Anat Rec, 298:2018\u20132029, 2015. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]],"date-time":"2015-09-15T03:46:49Z","timestamp":1442288809000},"page":"2018-2029","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Paradoxical Effects of Partial Leptin Deficiency on Bone in Growing Female Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"298","author":[{"given":"Kenneth A.","family":"Philbrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis 97331, OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell T.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis 97331, OR"},{"name":"Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University Corvallis 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