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It has relevance for endosteal placement and osseointegration. Nestin\u2010expressing osteogenic progenitor cells are allegedly involved in bone formation and remodelling. Nestin phenotype was not assessed previously in human SM. We therefore aimed to fill that particular gap in the literature. Bioptic samples of human adult SM were obtained during surgery from eight adult patients, operated for non\u2010malignant pathologies. Immunohistochemistry on paraffin\u2010embedded tissue samples used primary antibodies against nestin, CD45, CD146, cytokeratin 7 (CK7), and alpha\u2010smooth muscle actin (\u03b1\u2010SMA). Nestin expression was consistently found in endothelial cells, and was scarcely encountered in pericytes, putative stromal stem\/progenitor cells, as well as in glandular epithelial cells. Moreover, woven bone formation in the periosteal layer of the SM can also be regarded as evidence of the osteogenic potential of this membrane. Nestin and CD45 expression in cells of the primary bone supports the osteogenic potential of SM nestin\u2010expressing cells and a possible involvement of hematopoietic stem cells in maxillary sinus floor remodeling. CD146, a known inducer of epithelial\u2010mesenchymal transition (EMT), was expressed in epithelia, as was CK7. Isolated stromal cells were found expressing CD146, CK7 and \u03b1\u2010SMA, suggesting that regenerative processes happening in the SM may also involve processes of EMT which generate stem\/progenitor cells. This study provides additional evidence for the regenerative potential of the Schneiderian membrane and identifies potential roles for cells of its stem niche in osteogenesis. Anat Rec, 298:2132\u20132140, 2015. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,28]],"date-time":"2015-09-28T15:18:23Z","timestamp":1443453503000},"page":"2132-2140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Regenerative Potential of Human Schneiderian Membrane: Progenitor Cells and Epithelial\u2010Mesenchymal Transition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"298","author":[{"given":"A.I.","family":"Derjac\u2010Aram\u0103","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Sarafoleanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otorhinolaryngology Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest 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