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The purpose of this study was to determine the potential roles of microRNA\u2010214 (miR\u2010214) in cardiac fibrosis <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> experiment, Ang II\u2010induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs) are transfected with pre\u2010miR\u2010214, anti\u2010miR\u2010214 and their oligo controls. Gene expression was checked by Quantitative realtime\u2010PCR (qRT\u2010PCR) and western blotting. In the present experiment, compared with controls, expressions of collagen type I (COL I), collagen type III (COL III), transforming growth factor (TGF)\u2010\u03b21, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)\u20101 were all increased, but matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)\u20101 was reduced in CFB by Ang II treatment at both mRNA and protein levels, and these alterations were found reversed by miR\u2010214 transfection. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>, an anterior transmural acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was created by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery after Ad\u2010pre\u2010miR\u2010214, Ad\u2010anti\u2010miR\u2010214 or Ad\u2010GFP was delivered separately. Four weeks after AMI, protein contents of COL I, COL III and TGF\u2010\u03b21 in tissue from border area were found increased after AMI, but impaired by overexpression of miR\u2010214. While the expression of MMP\u20101 was increased by miR\u2010214 stimulation but decreased by miR\u2010214 inhibition. These results suggested that miR\u2010214 exerts cardio\u2010protective effects by inhibition of fibrosis and the inhibitory effect involves TGF\u2010\u03b21 suppression and MMP\u20101\/TIMP\u20101 regulation. Anat Rec, 299:1348\u20131357, 2016. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]],"date-time":"2016-06-30T04:43:58Z","timestamp":1467261838000},"page":"1348-1357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["MicroRNA\u2010214 exerts a Cardio\u2010protective effect by inhibition of fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"299","author":[{"given":"Hua","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050017 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shimin","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050051 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and 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