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This essay reviews a number of developmental data that challenge these concepts. These results are interpreted within the framework of present day neuromeric conception of the brainstem (the prosomeric model). Advances in dorsoventral patterning of the spinal cord and hindbrain now show that there exist up to eight alar microzones and five basal microzones (molecularly and histogenetically distinct longitudinal progenitor domains). This reveals that the classic tetracolumnar model is excessively simplistic. There is both older and recent data revealing that the visceral efferent neurons of the cranial nerves (preganglionic and branchiomotor neurons) are generated next to the floor plate and later migrate dorsalwards before adopting their final topography in the mantle, contrary to the purely radial migration assumed in the classic model. Moreover, various results support the conclusion that at least the branchiomotor neurons end their migration and mature within the alar region of the mantle. Evidence on this point obtained in chick embryos is reviewed in detail, and novel evidence in mouse embryos is presented. Anat Rec, 302:485\u2013504, 2019. \u00a9 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T20:55:48Z","timestamp":1523912148000},"page":"485-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Postmigratory Alar Topography of Visceral Cranial Nerve Efferents Challenges the Classical Model of Hindbrain Columns"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"302","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9541-7073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Puelles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology and IMIB\u2010Arrixaca Institute, School of Medicine University of Murcia Murcia 30071 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Tvrdik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery\u2013Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah 84112"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010de\u2010la\u2010torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology and IMIB\u2010Arrixaca Institute, School of Medicine University of Murcia Murcia 30071 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.06.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","article-title":"Genoarchitecture of the larval nervous system of amphioxus suggests a primitive common origin of the thalamus, pretectum and midbrain of vertebrates","author":"Albuixech\u2010Crespo B","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-012-0456-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20957"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000140814"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000140825"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901000308"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","volume-title":"The lower brainstem and bodily homeostasis","author":"Blessing WW.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.121.4.935","article-title":"Rhombomeric origin and rostrocaudal reassortment of neural crest cells revealed by intravital microscopy","volume":"121","author":"Birgbauer E","year":"1995","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00172-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9861(20001127)427:4<522::AID-CNE3>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8104-4-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Turning heads: development of vertebrate branchiomotor neurons. 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