{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T12:16:41Z","timestamp":1792930601553,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]],"date-time":"2018-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israel Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1397\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1397\/08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vertebral osteophytes are an age\u2010dependent manifestation of degenerative changes in the spine. We aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of cervical osteophytosis in a large study population. To do so, we developed a grading system for osteophytosis, enabling the assessment of their presence and severity in the cervical spine, and applied it to the analysis of dried cervical vertebral bodies (C3\u2013C7) from 273 individuals. Statistical analyses were carried out per motion segment, while testing for the effect of age, sex, and ethnicity. The highest prevalence of osteophytes was found in motion segment C5\/C6 (48.2%), followed by C4\/C5 (44.1%), and last C6\/C7 and C3\/C4 (40.5%). Severe osteophytes are most commonly seen in motion segment C5\/C6. In all motion segments, the inferior discal surface of the upper vertebra manifests more osteophytes than the superior discal surface of the lower one. Osteophytes prevalence is sex\u2010dependent only in the upper cervical vertebrae (C3\u2013C4), and age\u2010 and ethnicity\u2010dependent for all vertebrae. Anat Rec, 302:226\u2013231, 2019. \u00a9 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,6]],"date-time":"2018-10-06T06:14:06Z","timestamp":1538806446000},"page":"226-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Osteophytes in the Cervical Vertebral Bodies (C3\u2013C7)\u2014Demographical Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"302","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Ezra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel\u2010Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"School of Nursing Sciences, Tel Aviv Yaffo Academic College  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5841-6090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israel","family":"Hershkovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel\u2010Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History and National Research Center Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalil","family":"Salame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Alperovitch\u2010Najenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Recanati School for Community Health Professions"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Slon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel\u2010Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181df1a70"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"CobbWM.1932. 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