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After transection and suture of the buccal branch of the facial nerve, pulsed or continuous type of ultrasound therapy was applied to the paralyzed whisker pad muscles of rats in the course of 2\u2009months. Instead of reduction, we found a significant increase in the collateral axonal branching after continuous ultrasound therapy when compared to the branching determined after pulsed or sham ultrasound therapy. Both types of ultrasound therapy also failed to reduce the proportion of polyinnervated end plates in the reinnervated facial muscles. Accordingly, continuous ultrasound therapy failed to restore any parameter of the motor performance of the vibrissal hairs. Application of pulsed ultrasound therapy promoted slight improvements of the functional parameters angular velocity and acceleration. The inhomogeneous structural and functional results achieved after both types of ultrasound therapy let us conclude that further studies are required to evaluate its effects on peripheral nerve regeneration. Anat Rec, 302:1314\u20131324, 2019. \u00a9 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T00:26:38Z","timestamp":1554510398000},"page":"1314-1324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effect of Pulsed and Continuous Ultrasound Therapy on the Degree of Collateral Axonal Branching at the Lesion Site, Polyinnervation of Motor End Plates, and Recovery of Motor Function after Facial Nerve Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"302","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3708-7077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umut","family":"Ozsoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eren","family":"Ogut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahime","family":"Sekerci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arzu","family":"Hizay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Rink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dentistry School of Dental and Oral Medicine, University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1436-9119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doychin N.","family":"Angelov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomical Institute I University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2006.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60152-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00600.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08990229609052578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"285","volume-title":"The facial palsies. 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