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Due to invaluable features of HCMSCs including their immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties, easily accessible and less differentiated compared to other types of MSCs, HCMSCs provide a great hope for regenerative medicine. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of HCMSCs\u2010derived dopaminergic (DA) neuron\u2010like cells with regard to PD. Initially, HCMSCs were isolated and underwent a 2\u2010week DA differentiation, followed by in vitro assessments, using quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry, patch clamp recording, and high\u2010performance liquid chromatography. In addition, the effects of implanted HCMSCs\u2010derived DA neuron\u2010like cells on the motor coordination along with stereological alterations in the striatum of rat models of PD were investigated. Our results showed that under neuronal induction, HCMSCs revealed neuron\u2010like morphology, and expressed neuronal and DA\u2010specific genes, together with DA release. Furthermore, transplantation of HCMSCs\u2010derived DA neurons into the striatum of rat models of PD, augmented performance. Besides, it prevented reduction of striatal volume, dendritic length, and the total number of neurons, coupled with a diminished level of cleaved caspase\u20103. Altogether, these findings suggest that HCMSCs could be considered as an attractive strategy for cell\u2010based therapies in PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T00:33:00Z","timestamp":1571790780000},"page":"2274-2289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Functional dopaminergic neurons derived from human chorionic mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate striatal atrophy and improve behavioral deficits in Parkinsonian rat model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"303","author":[{"given":"Vahid","family":"Ebrahimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Eskandarian 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