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In contrast, the soft tissues have been relatively neglected. Since bone formation of the fibula progresses from the anlage, a scaffolding cartilage mold intermediate, cartilage transformation to bone is dependent upon timely embryonic arterial invasion. Absences of the requisite arteries predicate specific skeletal dysmorphologies. The usual arterial supply of the fibula is comprised primarily of the anterior tibialis artery (ATA), which uniquely supplies the proximal portion of the fibula, and also joins the peroneal artery (PA) in supplying the mid to distal fibular shaft. Combinations of the two nutrient arteries allow four potential variations of fibular vascular supply, among which the ATA and PA conjoin to supply the normal fibula and variably supply the three dysmorphic fibular models. The IA and IB deformities conform, respectively, to the absences of the PA and the ATA. Combined ATA and PA absences present in the radiographically \u201cabsent\u201d fibula. Thus, each of the four fibular (dys)morphologies conforms to a specific embryonic pattern of arterial development. The term \u201cdystrophism\u201d most accurately characterizes such malformed long bones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]],"date-time":"2019-12-24T05:51:49Z","timestamp":1577166709000},"page":"2792-2800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Congenital fibular dystrophisms conform to embryonic arterial dysgenesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"303","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3540-1931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Hootnick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University  Syracuse New York"},{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology SUNY Upstate Medical University  Syracuse New York"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics SUNY Upstate Medical University  Syracuse New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.61B2.438260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"Congenital absence of the fibula","volume":"14","author":"Arnold W. 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