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After fusion has taken place, the embryonic nasal cavities open anteriorly through paired external nares positioned directly above the fusion zones and bordered by the medial nasal and lateral nasal prominences. In this study, we show that in the chicken embryo, the external nares initially form as patent openings but only remain so for a short period of time. Soon after the nasal cavities form, the medial nasal and lateral nasal prominences fuse together in stage 29 embryos, entirely closing off the external nares for a substantial portion of embryonic and fetal development. The epithelium between the fused prominences is then retained and eventually develops into a nasal plug that obstructs the nasal vestibule through the majority of the fetal period. At stage 40, the nasal plug begins to break down through a combination of cellular remodeling, apoptosis, as well as non\u2010apoptotic necrosis, leading to completely patent nasal cavities at hatching. These findings place chickens in a category with several species of nonavian reptiles and mammals (including humans) that have been found to develop a transient embryonic nasal plug. Our findings are discussed in the context of previously reported cases of nasal plugs as part of normal embryonic development and provide novel insight into the craniofacial development of a key model organism in developmental biology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]],"date-time":"2019-12-24T05:52:08Z","timestamp":1577166728000},"page":"247-257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Novel insights into the development of the avian nasal cavity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"304","author":[{"given":"Zahra","family":"Albawaneh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raana","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7594-8566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Abramyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.24338"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.170321ja"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod18.2.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/jva.2018.44909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.11.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.11.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199109000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420040310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zool.2007.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zool.2007.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20592"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Mechanisms of airflow limitation in the nose and lungs","volume":"2","author":"Dahl R.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420410603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"15.5","article-title":"Use of chicken models for the analysis of human disease","volume":"15","author":"Dodgson J. 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