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Here we examined a sample of Leschenault's rousette fruit bats (<jats:italic>Rousettus leschenaultii<\/jats:italic>) ranging in age from embryonic to adult (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 13). We examined serially sectioned coronal histological specimens and used micro\u2010computed tomography scans to visualize morphology in two older specimens. We found that the development of the nasal capsule in <jats:italic>Rousettus<\/jats:italic> proceeds similarly to many previously described mammals, following a general theme in which the central (i.e., septal) region matures into capsular cartilage before peripheral regions, and rostral parts of the septum and paries nasi mature before caudal parts. The ossification of turbinals also generally follows a rostral to the caudal pattern. Our results suggest discrete mechanisms for increasing complexity of the nasal capsule, some of which are restricted to the late embryonic and early fetal timeframe, including fissuration and mesenchymal proliferation. During fetal and early postnatal ontogeny, appositional and interstitial chondral growth of cartilage modifies the capsular template. Postnatally, appositional bone growth and pneumatization render greater complexity to individual structures and spaces. Future studies that focus on the relative contribution of each mechanism during development may draw critical inferences how nasal morphology is reflective of, or deviates from the original fetal template. A comparison of other chiropterans to nasal development in <jats:italic>Rousettus<\/jats:italic> could reveal phylogenetic patterns (whether ancestral or derived) or the developmental basis for specializations relating to respiration, olfaction, or laryngeal echolocation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T06:59:09Z","timestamp":1593500349000},"page":"883-900","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Fissures, folds, and scrolls: The ontogenetic basis for complexity of the nasal cavity in a fruit bat (<i>Rousettus leschenaultii<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"304","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6883-8964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, Slippery Rock University  Slippery Rock Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9774-2814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunwar P.","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville  Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6463-3569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharlene E.","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"135","article-title":"On a revision of the ethmoid bone in the Mammalia, with special reference to the description of this bone and of the sense of smelling in the Cheiroptera","volume":"10","author":"Allen H.","year":"1882","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001390203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0029(19981215)43:6<465::AID-JEMT1>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Development of the vomeronasal organ in Rousettus leschenaulti (Megachiroptera, Pteropodidae)","volume":"188","author":"Bhatnagar K. 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