{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:13:51Z","timestamp":1780452831282,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bone is continuously remodeled to repair and strengthen degenerative bone with accumulating dead osteocytes and microfractures. Inner ear osteoprotegerin (OPG)\u2010mediated inhibition of otic capsular bone remodeling causes excessive perilabyrinthine bone degeneration. Consequently, microcracks accumulate around the inner ear. Microcracks cause osteocyte apoptosis and may disrupt the canalicular network connecting osteocytes. Despite their linear microscopic appearance, microcracks are three\u2010dimensional disruption planes and represent surface areas inside a tissue space. With an elevated microcrack burden the number of disconnected osteocytes is expected to increase. This may prove relevant to ongoing research in otic focal pathologies like otosclerosis. Therefore, an unbiased quantification of the microcrack surface density (mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) in the human otic capsule is essential. In this study unbiased stereology was applied to undecalcified bulk stained human temporal bones to demonstrate its feasibility in describing the three\u2010dimensional reality behind two dimensional observations of microcracks. A total of 28 human temporal bones and five ribs were bulk stained in basic fuchsin, serially sectioned and hand\u2010ground to a thickness of 80\u2013120\u2009\u03bcm. Both horizontal and vertical sections were produced and compared. This study showed that surface density of microcracks was significantly higher around the inner ear compared to ribs. Furthermore, no significant difference in microcrack surface density between horizontal and vertical sections in the temporal bone was demonstrated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,11]],"date-time":"2020-10-11T09:36:34Z","timestamp":1602408994000},"page":"961-967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Microcrack surface density in the human otic capsule: An unbiased stereological quantification"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"304","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5538-9779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars Juul","family":"Hansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Otopathology Laboratory University Hospital of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sune Land","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Otopathology Laboratory University Hospital of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Frisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Otopathology Laboratory University Hospital of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mads S\u00f8lvsten","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Otopathology Laboratory University Hospital of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bonr.2017.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070720"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016480903317465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2016.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.1.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199011000-00047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1805"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v027a04"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(01)00623-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2015.1035400"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000124294"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000124294"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000027752"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050000286"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000810"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Presence of microscopic cracks in vivo in bone","volume":"8","author":"Frost H.","year":"1960","journal-title":"Henry Ford Hospital Medical Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02556207"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","unstructured":"HansenLJ.2020.Surface density microcracks human otic capsule. 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