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MNs with smaller surface areas innervate slow (S) and fast fatigue\u2010resistant (FR) motor units, while MNs with larger surface areas innervate fast fatigue\u2010intermediate (FInt) and fast fatigable (FF) motor units. Differences in MN surface area (equivalent to membrane capacitance) underpin the intrinsic excitability of MNs and are consistent with the orderly recruitment of motor units (S\u2009&gt;\u2009FR\u2009&gt;\u2009FInt\u2009&gt;\u2009FF) via the Size Principle. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), large MNs controlling FInt and FF motor units exhibit earlier denervation and death, compared to smaller and more resilient MNs of type S and FR motor units that are spared until late in ALS. Abnormal dendritic morphologies in MNs precede neuronal death in human ALS and in rodent models. We employed Golgi\u2010Cox methods to investigate somal size\u2010dependent changes in the dendritic morphology of hypoglossal MNs in wildtype and SOD1\n                    <jats:sup>G93A<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice (a model of ALS), at postnatal (P) day ~30 (pre\u2010symptomatic), ~P60 (onset), and ~P120 (mid\u2010disease) stages. In wildtype hypoglossal MNs, increased MN somal size correlated with increased dendritic length and spines in a linear fashion. By contrast, in SOD1\n                    <jats:sup>G93A<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice, significant deviations from this linear correlation were restricted to the larger vulnerable MNs at pre\u2010symptomatic (maladaptive) and mid\u2010disease (degenerative) stages. These findings are consistent with excitability changes observed in ALS patients and in rodent models. Our results suggest that intrinsic or synaptic increases in MN excitability are likely to contribute to ALS pathogenesis, not compensate for it.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T12:31:32Z","timestamp":1603629092000},"page":"1562-1581","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Size\u2010dependent dendritic maladaptations of hypoglossal motor neurons in SOD1\n                    <sup>G93A<\/sup>\n                    mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"304","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0128-7042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Fogarty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Queensland  St Lucia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica W. 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