{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T09:28:09Z","timestamp":1780565289455,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014180","name":"Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Circum\u2010nasal<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>nasal cavity<\/jats:italic> morphology add to the picture of the Sima de los Huesos specimens as, at one level, representing a distinct morph and, at another, displaying individual variation. They developed a robust, midline\u2010grooved, three\u2010dimensional <jats:italic>spinal ridge<\/jats:italic> lying anteriorly in the <jats:italic>nasal cavity<\/jats:italic> floor that was distended posteriorly over the <jats:italic>nasal cavity<\/jats:italic> floor, and, typically, an expansive, three\u2010dimensional patch of rugose bone on the <jats:italic>nasal cavity<\/jats:italic> wall where a <jats:italic>conchal crest<\/jats:italic> would otherwise lie. They vary, for example, in degree of topographic relief of the <jats:italic>nasal cavity<\/jats:italic> wall, expression of the <jats:italic>spinal ridge<\/jats:italic>, and development of nasal crests and fossae. Lacking an <jats:italic>anterior nasal spine<\/jats:italic>, Sima specimens differ from extant and most fossil <jats:italic>Homo sapiens<\/jats:italic>, some specimens attributed to <jats:italic>H. heidelbergensis<\/jats:italic>, and the Gran Dolina partial face, whose <jats:italic>anterior nasal spine<\/jats:italic> is a superoanterior distention of the <jats:italic>nasoalveolar clivus<\/jats:italic>, and also from Neanderthals, whose <jats:italic>anterior nasal spine<\/jats:italic> projects anteriorly away from the <jats:italic>nasoalveolar clivus<\/jats:italic>. Comparison of Neanderthals, the Sima hominin, and specimens regarded as <jats:italic>H. heidelbergensis<\/jats:italic> calls for re\u2010evaluating the integrity of \u201c<jats:italic>heidelbergensis<\/jats:italic>\u201d and rethinking the phylogenetic relationships of them all. To precisely describe the numerous features and combinations thereof of the nasal region in Sima specimens, and compare them with Neandertals and \u201c<jats:italic>H. heidelbergensis<\/jats:italic>\u201d, we developed terminology that is applicable not only to hominins, but to mammals in general.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T12:55:44Z","timestamp":1624539344000},"page":"1991-2029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The nasal region of the ~417\u2009ka Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain) Hominin: New terminology and implications for later human evolution"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"305","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1591-2008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey H.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Pantoja\u2010P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Mixto UCM\u2010ISCII de Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Luis","family":"Arsuaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Mixto UCM\u2010ISCII de Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Geolog\u00eda Universidad Complutense de Madrid  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/362534a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0133"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1253958"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Special issue on the Gran Dolina site: TD6 Aurora stratum (Burgos, Spain)","volume":"37","author":"Berm\u00fadez de Castro J.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Human Evolution"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/142377a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"The dentition of the Transvaal Pleistocene anthropoids, Plesianthropus and Paranthropus","volume":"19","author":"Broom R.","year":"1939","journal-title":"Annals of the Transvaal Museum"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The South African fossil ape\u2010men, the Australopithecinae","volume":"2","author":"Broom R.","year":"1946","journal-title":"Transvaal Museum Memoir"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"377","article-title":"The primate nasal fossa","volume":"5","author":"Cave A. 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