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However, it is not known if other neuroactive substances are present in these neurons and to what extent they co\u2010localize. First, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was established as a bona fide marker for putative inhibitory myenteric neurons by evaluating co\u2010localization with neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Then, co\u2010localization of serotonin and VIP was tested in co\u2010innervating axons on motor endplates, which were visualized with \u03b1\u2010bungarotoxin (\u03b1\u2010BT) by multilabel immunofluorescence. Myenteric ganglia were also surveyed for co\u2010localization in neuronal perikarya and varicosities. nNOS, NPY, and VIP were completely co\u2010localized in enteric co\u2010innervating nerve terminals on motor endplates. After co\u2010staining with VIP, we found (a) serotonin (5\u2010HT)\u2010positive nerve endings without VIP (44% of 5\u2010HT\u2010positively innervated endplates), (b) 5\u2010HT\u2010 and VIP\u2010positive endings without co\u2010localization (35%), and (c) 5\u2010HT\u2010 and VIP\u2010positive endings with co\u2010localization (21%). About one\u2010fifth of nerve terminals on motor endplates containing 5\u2010HT originate from putative inhibitory peptidegic nitrergic neurons. However, the majority represents a different population presumably subserving different functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T06:18:10Z","timestamp":1657865890000},"page":"960-971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Neurochemical classification of serotonin\u2010immunoreactive neurons co\u2010innervating motor endplates in the mouse esophagus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"306","author":[{"given":"Jillena","family":"Zinsser\u2010Krys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Kapitza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"B\u00f6hnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piet","family":"van der Keylen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1387-4682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winfried L.","family":"Neuhuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3188-7324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"W\u00f6rl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13213"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2018.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1968.tb00487.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1968.tb00439.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.60.042307.110802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2008.01224.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01714.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(82)90272-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2011.01275.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-013-0876-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1838(00)00127-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"The enteric nervous system","author":"Furness J. 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