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Among these is the loss of the tribosphenic molar and the behavior typically associated with it in mammals: mastication. Instead, modern pinnipeds exhibit a broad range of feeding strategies that facilitate their distinct aquatic ecologies. Here, we examine the feeding morphology of two species of pinnipeds with disparate feeding ecologies: <jats:italic>Zalophus californianus<\/jats:italic>, a specialized raptorial biter, and <jats:italic>Mirounga angustirostris<\/jats:italic>, a suction specialist. Specifically, we test whether the morphology of the lower jaws facilitates trophic plasticity in feeding for either of these species. We used finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the stresses during the opening and closing of the lower jaws in these species to explore the mechanical limits of their feeding ecology. Our simulations demonstrate that both jaws are highly resistant to the tensile stresses experienced during feeding. The lower jaws of <jats:italic>Z. californianus<\/jats:italic> experienced the maximum stress at the articular condyle and the base of the coronoid process. The lower jaws of <jats:italic>M. angustirostris<\/jats:italic> experienced the maximum stress at the angular process and were more evenly distributed throughout the body of the mandible. Surprisingly, the lower jaws of <jats:italic>M. angustirostris<\/jats:italic> were even more resistant to the stresses experienced during feeding than those of <jats:italic>Z. californianus<\/jats:italic>. Thus, we conclude that the superlative trophic plasticity of <jats:italic>Z. californianus<\/jats:italic> is driven by other factors unrelated to the mandible's tensile resistance to stress during feeding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T09:24:03Z","timestamp":1676539443000},"page":"2597-2609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanical properties of the California sea lion (<i>Zalophus californianus<\/i>) and northern elephant seal (<i>Mirounga angustirostris<\/i>) lower jaws explain trophic plasticity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"306","author":[{"given":"J. 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