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This classification is currently abandoned, as cladistic analyses of Hyaenodonta showed that several of these groups were paraphyletic. In any case, the former \u201cproviverrines\u201d were European endemic hyaenodontids which occupied the niche of small to medium\u2010sized predators from the Ypresian (MP7) to the Priabonian (MP19). Recent phylogenetic proposals recognize the \u201c<jats:italic>Eurotherium<\/jats:italic> clade\u201d including this latter genus, besides <jats:italic>Cartierodon<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Prodissopsalis.<\/jats:italic> A single species is known for <jats:italic>Prodissopsalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Prodissopsalis eocaenicus<\/jats:italic>, previously recorded in European fossil sites of MP 12 to MP 14; nevertheless, the new material studied here, a mandible of a subadult individual from the late Middle Eocene (Bartonian, MP 15\u201316) site of La Solana (Mazater\u00f3n, Soria, Spain) constitutes a new species of <jats:italic>Prodissopsalis<\/jats:italic> and the youngest record of this genus up to now, extending its chronological range and remarking the shelter role of the northwestern region of the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle and Late Eocene. The new species, <jats:italic>Prodissopsalis jimenezi<\/jats:italic> provides new data not only on the eruption sequence of the genus, but also on the evolution of its dental adaptations, as the new species exhibits a more trenchant, hypercarnivorous dentition in comparison to the more primitive species <jats:italic>P. eocaenicus<\/jats:italic>, which would point toward a refining of the hunting abilities of this hyaenodont during the Middle Eocene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T02:11:26Z","timestamp":1681524686000},"page":"1769-1782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["New data on the mammalian fauna from the late middle Eocene (<scp>MP<\/scp> 15\u201316) of Mazater\u00f3n (Soria, Spain): The youngest presence of the genus <scp><i>Prodissopsalis<\/i><\/scp> (Hyaenodonta, Hyaenodontidae) in Europe"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"308","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0404-7896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel J.","family":"Salesa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales\u2010CSIC  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9456-3549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gema","family":"Siliceo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales\u2010CSIC  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Geology and Paleontology Comenius University  Bratislava Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Ant\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales\u2010CSIC  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales\u2010CSIC  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7431-354X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Biolog\u00eda Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia (UNED)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"reference":[{"first-page":"769","volume-title":"Actes du Congr\u00e9s BiochroM'97, M\u00e9moires et travaux de l'Institut de Montpellier de l'Ecole Pratique HautesEtudes","year":"1997","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"550","volume-title":"Geolog\u00eda de Espa\u00f1a","author":"Alonso\u2010Gavil\u00e1n G.","year":"2004"},{"volume-title":"Estudio paleontol\u00f3gico del yacimiento superior de Zambrana (\u00c1lava, Regi\u00f3n Vasco\u2010Cant\u00e1brica). 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