{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T21:11:25Z","timestamp":1759957885315,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17K01523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K01523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The external urethral sphincter (EUS) is crucial in urinary continence development. Understanding the morphological features of the EUS in female rats after vaginal distention (VD), using a model of birth trauma, would aid in evaluating its functional and metabolic properties. Our recent study demonstrated that the EUS in female rats expresses one slow (type 1) and two fast (types 2A and 2B) myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. Our preliminary experiment revealed that type 2B isoform expression was markedly reduced in the EUS 4\u2009weeks after VD. Here, we aimed to examine the expression patterns of these three types of MHC isoforms, and an embryonic MHC, a marker of regeneration fibers, in the EUS of rats 3\u2009days and 1, 2, and 8\u2009weeks after VD using immunofluorescence staining. Hence, type 2B fibers were selectively damaged early in post\u2010VD and did not recover fully later. Muscle regeneration in the sphincter peaked 1\u2009week after trauma using a marker of immature fibers, embryonic myosin heavy chain. Electron microscopy revealed that the EUS of female rats was composed of mitochondria\u2010rich muscle fibers. Myoblasts or immature muscle fibers were discovered in the sphincter layer 1\u2009week after trauma. These results suggest that myogenesis after VD may not contribute to restoring normal fiber composition in a female rat's EUS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T09:26:00Z","timestamp":1684142760000},"page":"385-394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Birth trauma simulated by vaginal distention induced possible irreversible changes in the composition of the fiber types in the external urethral sphincter of rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"307","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1108-1016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiko","family":"Tsumori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Welfare Prefectural University of Hiroshima  Mihara 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