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The complex relationship between the lungs and adjacent tissues, the vast structural diversity of the respiratory system both within individuals and between taxa, its mobility (or immobility) and distensibility, and the difficulty of quantifying and visualizing functionally important internal negative spaces have all impeded descriptive, functional, and comparative research. As a result, there is a relative paucity of three\u2010dimensional anatomical information on this organ system in all vertebrate groups (including humans) relative to other regions of the body. We present some of the challenges associated with evaluating and visualizing the vertebrate respiratory system using computed and micro\u2010computed tomography and its subsequent digital segmentation. We discuss common mistakes to avoid when imaging deceased and live specimens and various methods for merging manual and threshold\u2010based segmentation approaches to visualize pulmonary tissues across a broad range of vertebrate taxa, with a particular focus on sauropsids (reptiles and birds). We also address some of the recent work in comparative evolutionary morphology and medicine that have used these techniques to visualize respiratory tissues. 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