{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T17:11:56Z","timestamp":1759943516903,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The vertebral anatomy of snakes has attracted the attention of researchers for decades and numerous studies have been made for extinct and extant species. The present study investigated the morphological variations in vertebral structure among different vertebral regions in the dice snake <jats:italic>Natrix tessellata<\/jats:italic>, and provides a detailed anatomical and microstructural description of the vertebral column. Vertebrae were analyzed and compared using x\u2010ray imaging, scanning electron microscopy, micro\u2010computed tomography, and histological techniques. The vertebral column of <jats:italic>N. tessellata<\/jats:italic> is divided into three regions: precloacal, cloacal, and caudal. Unlike in many other tetrapods and snakes, the atlas of <jats:italic>N. tessellata<\/jats:italic> does not form a complete ring. It has a flat and roughly trilobate shape with a prominent middle lobe. The axis has two hypapophyses. The anterior precloacal region of the vertebral column has longer and more paddle\u2010shaped hypapophyses, distinguishing it from the posterior and mid\u2010trunk vertebrae. The anterior cloacal vertebrae have a short hypapophysis rather than a hemal keel, and the lymphapophysis extends outward, curving slightly. The cotyle and condyle of the caudal vertebrae exhibited a closer resemblance to a rounded shape, while the pleurapophysis extended ventrolaterally and curved ventrally near its distal end. Paired hemapophyses were present at the posterior\u2010most point of the centrum instead of a hypapophysis. In light of previous fossil findings, our anatomical comparison of the vertebral and transverse processes indicates that the extant <jats:italic>Natrix<\/jats:italic> has a more flexible and less rigid spine than its ancestors. Overall, the vertebral differences among snake anatomical regions or taxa are a testament to the remarkable diversity and adaptability of these fascinating reptiles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T06:44:12Z","timestamp":1695624252000},"page":"1930-1942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A study on the vertebral column of the dice snake <i>Natrix tessellata<\/i> (<scp>Serpentes<\/scp>, <scp>Natricidae<\/scp>) from <scp>Denizli<\/scp> (western <scp>Anatolia<\/scp>, <scp>Turkey<\/scp>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"307","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7080-3106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Akat \u00c7\u00f6mden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Section Ege University  Bornova Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2627-6008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melodi","family":"Yenmi\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Section Ege University  Bornova Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7439-0580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Kytyr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences  Prague 9 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2667-8106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Din\u00e7er","family":"Ayaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Section Ege University  Bornova Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5992-0643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuf","family":"Bayrakci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Section Ege University  Bornova Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"The pattern of dermal\u2013vertebral correlation in snakes and amphibians","volume":"41","author":"Alexander A. 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