{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:30:06Z","timestamp":1786977006854,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The analysis of the locomotor anatomy of Late Pleistocene\n                    <jats:italic>Homo<\/jats:italic>\n                    has largely focused on changes in proximal femur and pelvic morphologies, with much attention centered on the emergence of modern humans. Although much of the focus has been on changes in the proximal femur, some research has also been conducted on tibiae and, to a lesser extent, fibulae. With this in mind, we present one of the largest samples of the same population of human tibiae and fibulae from the Middle Pleistocene to determine their main characteristic traits and establish similarities and differences, primarily with those of Neanderthals and modern humans, but also with other Middle Pleistocene specimens in the fossil record. Through this study, we established that the Middle Pleistocene population from the Sima de los Huesos (Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain) had lower leg long bones similar to those of Neanderthals, although there were some important differences, such as bone length, which this fossil individuals resembled those of modern humans and not to Neanderthals. This fact is related to the crural index and leg length, even though we do not have any true association between femora and tibiae yet, it has implications for establishing locomotor efficiency and climate adaptation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T11:33:23Z","timestamp":1696419203000},"page":"2606-2634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Exploring the morphology of adult tibia and fibula from Sima de los Huesos site in sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"307","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5090-1582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Area de Antropolog\u00eda F\u00edsica. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gesti\u00f3n Ambiental Universidad de Le\u00f3n. Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y Ambientales. Campus De Vegazana  Le\u00f3n Espa\u00f1a"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana Universidad de Burgos  Burgos Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1035-6655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebeca","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana Universidad de Burgos  Burgos Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Luis","family":"Arsuaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geodin\u00e1mica, Estratigraf\u00eda y Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Geol\u00f3gicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Centro UCM\u2010ISCIII de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0409-8087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9\u2010Miguel","family":"Carretero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana Universidad de Burgos  Burgos Espa\u00f1a"},{"name":"Centro UCM\u2010ISCIII de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al CSIC Vidrio y Materiales del Patrimonio Cultural (VIMPAC) Universidad de Burgos  Burgos Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"History of human life span and mortality","author":"Acsadi G.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"An introduction to human evolutionary anatomy","author":"Aiello L. 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