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Our study analyzes a comprehensive sample collected from 1991 to 2017, examining the muscle\u2010tendon system in 24 anuran species across adult, juvenile, and metamorphic stages. This extensive sample size allows us to investigate consistent anomaly patterns across different developmental stages and anuran families, exploring potential common developmental or genetic factors. Our detailed anatomical examination, encompassing musculature, tendons, and skeletal structures, revealed that 21% of the specimens displayed anomalies, a noteworthy finding considering the extensive sample size and duration of the studied sample. Of these anomalies, 17% affected the locomotor system, predominantly in the upper limbs. Key anomalies included, forelimbs and hindlimbs brachydactyly, rotation in forelimbs, partial kyphotic lordosis, and scoliosis. Notably, the digit 4 in the forelimbs and digits 4 and 5 in the hindlimbs were particularly susceptible to teratogenic effects, indicating possible prolonged exposure during development. Our study also uncovered combinations of anomalies and identified a phenotype similar to Poland syndrome. The findings validate the \u201cLogic of Monsters\u201d (LoMo theory) by Alberch, although the name itself may not be deemed appropriate, showing that developmental disruptions in tetrapods are not random but follow distinct sequences and patterns. The name, while unfortunate, accurately reflects the unusual nature of these developmental anomalies. This contributes to the evolving \u201cEvo\u2010Devo\u2010Path\u201d framework, highlighting the study's importance in understanding developmental disruptions in tetrapods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T07:20:49Z","timestamp":1711437649000},"page":"3282-3305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Musculoskeletal and tendinous details of selected anomalies in the locomotor system of anurans"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"307","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2376-6597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica C.","family":"Soliz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Salta  Salta Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4615-5011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Abdala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n\u2010Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, C\u00e1tedra de Biolog\u00eda General, Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n  Tucum\u00e1n Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2010.01278.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.20419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21469"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcz.2022.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/20.4.653"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-6995(89)80006-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.643.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.775.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12601"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00213113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","volume-title":"Above and beyond: Classification of congenital upper limb anomalies","author":"Baas M.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.15517\/rbt.v61i3.11966","article-title":"Demograf\u00eda poblacional de Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae) y Physalaemus biligonigerus (Anura: Leiuperidae) en agroecosistemas de la provincia de C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina","volume":"61","author":"Bionda C. 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