{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:54:06Z","timestamp":1791284046701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sabertoothed mammalian predators, all now extinct, were almost exclusively feloid carnivorans (Eutheria, Placentalia): here a couple of extinct metatherian predators are considered in comparison with the placental sabertooths. <jats:italic>Thylacosmilus<\/jats:italic> (the \u201cmarsupial sabertooth\u201d) and <jats:italic>Thylacoleo<\/jats:italic> (the \u201cmarsupial lion\u201d) were both relatively large (puma\u2010sized) carnivores of the Plio\u2010Pleistocene in the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina and Australia, respectively). Both carnivores have captured the public imagination, especially as predators that were somehow analogous to northern placental forms. But a more detailed consideration of their morphology shows that neither can be simply analogized with its supposed placental counterpart. While <jats:italic>Thylacosmilus<\/jats:italic> did indeed have saber\u2010like canines, many aspects of its anatomy show that it could not have killed prey in the manner proposed for the sabertoothed felids such as <jats:italic>Smilodon<\/jats:italic>. Rather than being an active predator, it may have been a specialized scavenger, using the hypertrophied canines to open carcasses, and perhaps deployed a large tongue to extract the innards. <jats:italic>Thylacoleo<\/jats:italic> lacked canines, and its supposedly \u201ccaniniform\u201d incisors could not have acted like a felid's canines. Nevertheless, while its mode of dispatching its prey remains a subject for debate, it was clearly a powerful predator, likely to be capable of bringing down prey bigger than itself while hunting alone. In that regard, it may have filled the ecomorphological role proposed for placental sabertooths, and so despite the lack of canines can be nominated as the true \u201cmarsupial sabertooth\u201d out of the two extinct taxa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T08:19:20Z","timestamp":1712737160000},"page":"2896-2912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Who was the real sabertooth predator: <i>Thylacosmilus<\/i> or <i>Thylacoleo<\/i>?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"308","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2308-0520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine M.","family":"Janis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Palaeobiology Group, School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3853\/j.0067-1975.17.1929.752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024971"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2003.00093.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03115510408619283"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00521-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.1996.10011336"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Nuevos elocuentes restos craneos de Proborhyaena gigantea Ameghino, 1897 (Marsupialia, Borhyaenidae, Proborhyaeninae) de la edad Deseadense. 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