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Despite its excellent preservation, many details remain hidden due to the physical overlap between the elements and matrix obliteration. We used Micro\u2010CT scans to reveal previously overlooked anatomical features and describe in detail the cranial and dental anatomy of this taxon, shedding new light on its palaeoecology. The holotypic specimen, SC 57248, represents a mature individual exhibiting signs of hyperossification, developed ornamentation, and various pathologies, including jaw arthritis and a possible dental anomaly. <jats:italic>Acynodon adriaticus<\/jats:italic> exhibits significant durophagous adaptations, including a robust, brevirostrine skull optimized for powerful biting and stress\u2010load capacity. Its specialized dentition, lacking caniniform teeth, features anterior chisel\u2010like teeth and hypertrophic posterior molariforms with thick enamel, indicative of a diet specializing in hard\u2010shelled prey. The dentition pattern, accelerated molariform replacement rate, and reduced orbit size suggest adaptations for durophagous foraging in turbid, densely vegetated aquatic environments. The paleoecological context during the Late Cretaceous, characterized by increased freshwater habitats and high invertebrate diversity, likely facilitated the evolution of such specialized traits in <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>adriaticus<\/jats:italic>. This small crocodylomorph likely foraged slowly in shallow, benthic environments, using its powerful bite to process mollusks and large arthropods. The study of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>adriaticus<\/jats:italic>, along with comparisons with other crocodylomorphs and ecomorphologically similar taxa like <jats:italic>Iharkutosuchus makadii<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Gnatusuchus pebasensis<\/jats:italic>, provides a valuable morphofunctional model for understanding the evolutionary pathways of extinct crocodylians to durophagy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T00:15:56Z","timestamp":1726186556000},"page":"3653-3684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cranial anatomy of <scp><i>Acynodon adriaticus<\/i><\/scp> and extreme durophagous adaptations in Eusuchia (Reptilia: Crocodylomorpha)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"307","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1429-0294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Muscioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Museo Geologico Giovanni Capellini Universit\u00e0 di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5525-6730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfio Alessandro","family":"Chiarenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5266-1459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego Bladimir Haro","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SYRMEP Group  Trieste Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica Universit\u00e0 della Calabria  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2727-1145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Dreossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SYRMEP Group  Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavio","family":"Bacchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoic Limited Liability Company  Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2961-8301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Fanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Museo Geologico Giovanni Capellini Universit\u00e0 di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222931308693345"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"A little book of monitor lizards","author":"Bennett D.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"The arboreal foraging behavior of the frugivorous monitor lizard Varanus olivaceus on Polillo Island","volume":"8","author":"Bennett D.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biawak"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"295","volume-title":"The phylogeny and classification of the Tetrapods, volume I: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds","author":"Benton M. 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