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Control (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096) and hypothyroid (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096) adult female rabbits were used. We quantified serum and pancreatic triacylglycerol and total cholesterol levels, the oxidative and antioxidant status, and the expression of low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol receptor (LDLR) in the pancreas. Inflammation of the pancreas was evaluated by infiltration of immune cells positive to CD163 and \u03b1\u2010farnesoid receptor (FXR\u03b1). Other lipid players involved in both inflammation and insulin secretion of the pancreas, such as lanosterol 14\u2010\u03b1\u2010demethylase (CYP51A1), \u03b2\u2010farnesoid receptor (FXR\u03b2), 3\u03b2\u2010hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3\u03b2\u2010HSD), and peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor \u03b2 (PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4), were quantified. Groups were compared by <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010Student or <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\u2010Mann\u2013Whitney tests (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.05). Hypothyroidism induced hypercholesterolemia and a high cholesterol accumulation in the pancreas of female rabbits, without affecting oxidative or antioxidative status nor the expression of LDLR. The pancreas of hypothyroid females showed inflammation identified by a great infiltration of immune cells, macrophages CD163+, and loss of expression of FXR\u03b1+ in immune cells. Moreover, a reduced expression of CYP51A1, FXR\u03b2, and PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4, but not 3\u03b2\u2010HSD, in the hypothyroid pancreas was found. Pancreatitis and insulitis promoted by hypothyroidism may be related to the accumulation of cholesterol, lanosterol actions, and the activation of PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4. All inflammatory markers evaluated in this study are related to glucose regulation, suggesting the link between hypothyroidism and diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T03:54:38Z","timestamp":1728964478000},"page":"1517-1528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pancreatic inflammation induced by hypothyroidism in female rabbits is associated with cholesterol accumulation and a reduced expression of <scp>CYP51A1<\/scp>, <scp>FXR\u03b2<\/scp>, and <scp>PPAR\u03b2<\/scp>\/\u03b4"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"308","author":[{"given":"Rubicela","family":"Rojas\u2010Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Tlaxcala  Tlaxcala Mexico"},{"name":"Programa Educativo de Qu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud 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