{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T15:11:10Z","timestamp":1788793870937,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":259,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The comparative and functional anatomy of the cleaver\u2010like jaws of the Late Devonian arthrodire\n                    <jats:italic>Dunkleosteus terrelli<\/jats:italic>\n                    remains poorly understood, despite significant advances in our understanding of arthrodire anatomy. Here, we re\u2010investigate the jaw morphology of\n                    <jats:italic>D. terrelli<\/jats:italic>\n                    from a comparative anatomical perspective. Rare cartilaginous elements, preserved attachment sites, and comparisons with other arthrodires suggest the skull of\n                    <jats:italic>Dunkleosteus<\/jats:italic>\n                    contained significantly more cartilage than previously assumed, with many major jaw muscle attachments and cranial articulations located on cartilages. The\n                    <jats:italic>m. adductor mandibulae<\/jats:italic>\n                    likely did not originate on the skull roof,\n                    <jats:italic>contra<\/jats:italic>\n                    previous reconstructions, but instead either partially or entirely on the palatoquadrate, which in\n                    <jats:italic>D. terrelli<\/jats:italic>\n                    has an unusual, asymmetrical shape. A large external groove spanning the suborbital plate suggests the presence of a large\n                    <jats:italic>m. preorbitalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    originating on the enlarged ethmoid ossification, likely playing a role in jaw closure. The submarginal plate is unusually elongate compared to other arthrodires and lacks bony connections to the skull roof or the rest of the cheek, suggesting a specialized, loosely consolidated posterior cheek. The symphyseal cartilages of the lower jaw have a well\u2010developed medial facet, which would have created a stable joint with limited symphyseal flexibility. Many features of\n                    <jats:italic>D. terrelli<\/jats:italic>\n                    appear to reflect broader evolutionary trends characterizing dunkleosteoids, and some appear to be convergent specializations for macropredation shared with some aspinothoracidans. Prior claims of suction feeding in\n                    <jats:italic>D. terrelli<\/jats:italic>\n                    are questionable on comparative anatomical and ecological grounds, and previous estimates of bite force need to be re\u2010examined based on the revised myology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.70075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T13:00:14Z","timestamp":1763643614000},"page":"2574-2635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Functional anatomy, jaw mechanisms, and feeding behavior of\n                    <i>Dunkleosteus terrelli<\/i>\n                    (Placodermi, Arthrodira)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"309","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9988-7427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Russell K.","family":"Engelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7090-4609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert K.","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Museum of Natural History  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6519-6396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Trinajstic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences Western Australian Museum  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8444-6776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zerina","family":"Johanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5524-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleg A.","family":"Lebedev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.A. Borissiak Palaeontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1918.tb55350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000250402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2008.00963.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1671\/0272-4634-28.4.961"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1666\/0094-8373-35.3.321"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10850"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.020586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2006.0569"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1666\/08011.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0263593300010324"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s008045680001471x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","volume-title":"The teeth of non\u2010mammalian vertebrates","author":"Berkovitz B.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0940-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2014.948546"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/abs\/2025NE-408209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Jaw ontogeny of the Late Devonian \u201cT. rex\u201d with implications for feeding strategies and life history of the arthrodire Dunkleosteus terrelli","volume":"2016","author":"Boyle J. 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