{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T03:02:19Z","timestamp":1773198139117,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2021\u2010122355NB\u2010C31 PID\u20102024\u2010156477NB\u2010C33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021\u2010122355NB\u2010C31 PID\u20102024\u2010156477NB\u2010C33"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Anatomical Record"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The preauricular sulcus has long been debated as a pelvic feature variably attributed to obstetric stress, ligamentous traction, and broader biomechanical processes. To clarify its determinants, we analyzed 409 adult individuals from three archeological and one early modern skeletal collection from the Iberian Peninsula, integrating graded sulcus expression with pelvic morphology, body size, and demographic context. Sulcus expression shows marked sexual dimorphism: females exhibit the full morphological spectrum, whereas males display limited variation and are overwhelmingly concentrated in the lowest grades. Hierarchical log\u2010linear models and ordinal logistic regression analyses indicate that preauricular sulcus presence is not associated with stature, body mass, or overall pelvic canal dimensions. Instead, inferior pelvic dimensions, particularly pubic length and outlet measures, emerge as the only consistent morphological predictors, with significant sex\u2010specific interactions restricted to the outlet. Neither population affiliation nor age at death modifies the association between sex and sulcus expression. Taken together, these results support a model in which the preauricular sulcus reflects sex\u2010specific biomechanical environments of the inferior pelvis rather than overall body size or population\u2010level variation. Within this framework, sulcus development is best interpreted as ligament\u2010mediated remodeling shaped by localized mechanical loading and hormonally mediated changes associated with pregnancy, while remaining robust across diverse biocultural contexts and mortality regimes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.70177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T06:29:38Z","timestamp":1773124178000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pelvic morphology and body size in relation to the preauricular sulcus: Evidence from medieval to modern Iberia"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1035-6655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebeca","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana. Universidad de Burgos. Edificio I+D+i\/CIBA  Burgos Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Mu\u00f1oz\u2010Guarinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana. Universidad de Burgos. Edificio I+D+i\/CIBA  Burgos Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"Cirotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana. Universidad de Burgos. Edificio I+D+i\/CIBA  Burgos Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"D\u00edaz\u2010Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana. Universidad de Burgos. Edificio I+D+i\/CIBA  Burgos Spain"},{"name":"Research Centre for Anthropology and Health: CIAS  Coimbra Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5090-1582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana. Universidad de Burgos. Edificio I+D+i\/CIBA  Burgos Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gesti\u00f3n Ambiental Universidad de Le\u00f3n. Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y Ambientales  Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0409-8087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Carretero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana. Universidad de Burgos. Edificio I+D+i\/CIBA  Burgos Spain"},{"name":"Unidad Asociada UBU al CSIC Vidrio y Materiales del Patrimonio Cultural (VIMPAC)  Burgos Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"242","article-title":"The shapes of the female pelvis: contributing factors","volume":"41","author":"Abitbol M. M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"History of human life span and mortality","author":"Acs\u00e1di G.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330300314","article-title":"The bases of paleodemography","volume":"30","author":"Angel J. L.","year":"1969","journal-title":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Arsuaga J. L.(1985).Antropolog\u00eda del hueso coxal: evoluci\u00f3n dimorfismo sexual y variabilidad (Doctoral dissertation Universidad Complutense de Madrid)."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330930208","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of the sexual dimorphism of the hip bone in a modern human population and in early hominids","volume":"93","author":"Arsuaga J. L.","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.23690","article-title":"Variation in obstetric dimensions of the human bony pelvis in relation to age\u2010at\u2010death and latitude","volume":"167","author":"Auerbach B. 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