{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T21:36:42Z","timestamp":1789940202260,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,3]],"date-time":"2005-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anat. Rec."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Finite\u2010element modeling provides a full\u2010field method for describing the stress environment of the skull. The utility of finite\u2010element models, however, remains uncertain given our ignorance of whether such models validly portray states of stress and strain. For example, the effects of boundary conditions that are chosen to represent the mechanical environment in vivo are largely unknown. We conducted an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> strain gauge experiment on a fresh, fully dentate adult mandible of <jats:italic>Macaca fascicularis<\/jats:italic> to model a simplified loading regime by finite\u2010element analysis for purposes of model validation. Under various conditions of material and structural complexity, we constructed dentate and edentulous models to measure the effects of changing boundary conditions (force orientation and nodal constraints) on strain values predicted at the gauge location. Our results offer a prospective assessment of the difficulties encountered when attempting to validate finite\u2010element models from in vivo strain data. Small errors in the direction of load application produce significant changes in predicted strains. An isotropic model, although convenient, shows poor agreement with experimental strains, while a heterogeneous orthotropic model predicts strains that are more congruent with these data. Most significantly, we find that an edentulous model performs better than a dentate one in recreating the experimental strains. While this result is undoubtedly tied to our failure to model the periodontal ligament, we interpret the finding to mean that in the absence of occlusal loads, teeth within alveoli do not contribute significantly to the structural stiffness of the mandible. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,3]],"date-time":"2005-03-03T19:46:29Z","timestamp":1109879189000},"page":"300-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Finite\u2010element modeling of the anthropoid mandible: The effects of altered boundary conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"283A","author":[{"given":"Ruxandra","family":"Marinescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Daegling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Rapoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(96)00047-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(02)00225-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b14263","volume-title":"Bone mechanics","author":"Cowin SC","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330890106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Strain distribution in the human mandible","volume":"18","author":"Daegling DJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"Profiles of strain in the human mandible","volume":"73","author":"Daegling DJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0164"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199801)105:1<73::AID-AJPA7>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Effects of structural heterogeneity and anisotropy on finite\u2010element model predictions for a mandible of a Macaca fascicularis","volume":"36","author":"Daegling DJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8644(200008)112:4<553::AID-AJPA9>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"F\u00fctterlingS KleinR StrasserW WeberH.1998.Automated finite\u2010element of human mandible with dental implants. The 6th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics and Visualization Bory Czech Republic."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(01)00212-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10731197309118557"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"HartRT ThongpredaN.1988.A finite\u2010element based study of the biomechanics of the mandible. Proc. of the IEEE Eng. in Medicine and Biology 10th Ann. Int. Conference New Orleans LA. 1986\u20131987."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(92)90025-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(94)90019-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2895534"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330640102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199811)107:3<257::AID-AJPA3>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(90)90022-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(77)90054-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330880107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411970080010501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(98)00054-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(93)90185-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"174","article-title":"Heterogeneous anisotropic elastic properties in a Macaca fascicularis mandible","volume":"36","author":"Rapoff AJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(98)00053-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Temporal relationship of EMG and muscle force in the anterior temporalis muscle and its utility for finite\u2010element modeling","volume":"36","author":"Ross CF","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Finite\u2010element analysis applied to masticatory biomechanics","volume":"36","author":"Strait DS","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(03)00138-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(95)80008-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/jcms.2000.0125"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(98)00081-2"}],"container-title":["The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Far.a.20166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ar.a.20166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T12:40:54Z","timestamp":1759927254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ar.a.20166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ar.a.20166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ar.a.20166","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4884","1552-4892"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4884","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4892","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,3]]}}}