{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:16:04Z","timestamp":1791425764527,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]],"date-time":"2005-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anat. Rec."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The global muscle and collagen fiber orientation in the human uterus has been analyzed hitherto by various standard microscopic techniques. However, no widely accepted model of the fiber architecture of the myometrium could be acquired. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the uterus by magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a 3D macroscopic approach. Ex vivo MR DTI measurements were performed on five uteri from nonpregnant patients. The main diffusion directions reflecting the orientation of directional structures in the examined tissues were determined from diffusion\u2010weighted spin\u2010echo measurements. A fiber tracking algorithm was used to extrapolate the fiber architecture. The method was validated against histological slides and indirectly through the analysis of leiomyomas, which exhibit less anisotropy than normal myometrium. Significant anisotropy was found in most regions of all examined nonpregnant human uteri. But only two systems of fibers were found running circularly along the intramural part of the uterine tubes. They merged caudally and built a close fitting envelope of circular layers around the uterine cavity. On the cervix, circular fibers were observed in the outer part as well as mostly longitudinal fibers in the inner part. These results confirm the existence of directional structures in the complex fiber architecture of the human uterus. They also indicate that MR DTI is a beneficial and complementary tool to standard microscopic techniques to determine the intrinsic fiber architecture in human organs. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]],"date-time":"2005-12-12T17:46:40Z","timestamp":1134409600000},"page":"84-90","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Three\u2010dimensional fiber architecture of the nonpregnant human uterus determined ex vivo using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"288A","author":[{"given":"Stephan","family":"Weiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Jaermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Staempfli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Boesiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Niederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosmarie","family":"Caduff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Bajka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0174-173X(88)80022-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10184"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(94)80775-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1940080707"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10491"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.suppl_1.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.20035"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10198"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(47)90273-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"276","article-title":"Fibre system of connective tissue in childbearing age, menopause, and pregnancy","volume":"210","author":"Dubrausz V","year":"1971","journal-title":"Archiv Gynakol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.74.5.789"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"122","article-title":"Der funktionelle Bau des menschlichen Uterus","volume":"67","author":"Goerttler K","year":"1929","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Die Architektur der Muskelwand des menschlichen Uterus und ihre funktionelle Bedeutung","volume":"65","author":"Goerttler K","year":"1931","journal-title":"Morph J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00668731"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20476"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10707"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"2076","article-title":"Structure and function of the myometrium: 1, a short review of the anatomy, biochemistry and electrophysiology of the uterus musculature","volume":"39","author":"Jaisle F","year":"1964","journal-title":"Med Welt"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(86)90115-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03008209109006992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00336625"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200009000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/8.6.559"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.781"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)76262-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2004.827479"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199911)42:5<952::AID-MRM16>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340603"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00520954"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(67)90292-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2004.11.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(66)90661-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2308","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1998.275.6.H2308","article-title":"Histological validation of myocardial microstructure obtained from diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"44","author":"Scollan DF","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol\u2010Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-7580.1999.19410079.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00985522"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-2004-12305","article-title":"A finite element model for the simulation of hydrometra","volume":"12","author":"Weiss S","year":"2004","journal-title":"Technol Health Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01981003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00672102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","first-page":"461","article-title":"Zur Anordnung der glatten Muskulatur im Corpus uteri des Menschen","volume":"64","author":"Wetzstein R","year":"1970","journal-title":"Verh Anat Ges"}],"container-title":["The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Far.a.20274","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ar.a.20274","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T20:03:27Z","timestamp":1759953807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ar.a.20274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ar.a.20274"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ar.a.20274","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4884","1552-4892"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4884","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4892","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]]}}}