{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:33:56Z","timestamp":1791380036059,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]],"date-time":"2005-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Insect Biochem Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The parasitic wasp,<jats:italic>Cotesia congregata<\/jats:italic>, suppresses feeding in its host<jats:italic>Manduca sexta<\/jats:italic>. Feeding suppression in the host coincides with the emergence of the wasps through the host's cuticle. During wasp emergence, host hemocyte number declined, suggesting that the host mounts a wound\/immune response against the exiting parasitoids and\/or resulting tissue damage. Eliciting a different type of immune response by injecting heat\u2010killed<jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic>also resulted in a decline in feeding and a reduction in hemocyte number. Both the emerging wasps and the bacteria induced an increase in hemolymph octopamine concentration and a decrease in foregut peristalsis in<jats:italic>M. sexta<\/jats:italic>. The emerging parasitoids produced the largest changes. The source of the additional octopamine appeared to be the host in both cases.<jats:italic>S. marcescens<\/jats:italic>was found to contain no detectable amounts of octopamine. The parasitoids had insufficient octopamine to account for the amount found in host hemolymph and they did not secrete octopamine in vitro. One cause for the high concentration of octopamine in parasitized<jats:italic>M. sexta<\/jats:italic>was that octopamine was removed from the hemolymph approximately 23 times more slowly after the wasps emerged than prior to wasp emergence. The striking similarity between the effects of parasitoids and bacteria on<jats:italic>M. sexta<\/jats:italic>feeding, hemocyte number, hemolymph octopamine concentration, and foregut peristalsis supports the possibility that the immune\/wound reaction induced by the emerging wasps could play a role in the suppression of host feeding. These results also support the hypothesis that<jats:italic>M. sexta<\/jats:italic>exhibit an immune\u2010activated anorexia. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 60:185\u2013197, 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.20068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]],"date-time":"2005-11-22T14:46:48Z","timestamp":1132670808000},"page":"185-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Parasitic suppression of feeding in the tobacco hornworm,<i>Manduca sexta<\/i>: Parallels with feeding depression after an immune challenge"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Shelley A.","family":"Adamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5983-2_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3284717"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjz-76-9-1634"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000067790"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjz-78-9-1580"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.198.8.1691","article-title":"The role of neurohormonal octopamine during \u2018fight or flight\u2019 behaviour in the field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus","volume":"198","author":"Adamo S","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.1.117","article-title":"Correlation between changes in host behaviour and octopamine levels in the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta parasitized by the gregarious braconid parasitoid wasp Cotesia congregata","volume":"200","author":"Adamo S","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1910(96)00090-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2003.00345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000084948"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012532104-4\/50044-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.49.061802.123324"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.1978.tb03016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(86)90043-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1790(90)90046-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19990719)410:1<4::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60072-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb33567.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(94)90050-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/33.2.231"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.25.14072"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6327(1998)38:4<193::AID-ARCH5>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90047-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2011(82)90171-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0965-1748(92)90050-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.0121.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"323","volume-title":"Epizootiology of insect diseases","author":"Krieg A","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Temporal pattern of parasitism\u2010induced immunosuppression in Manduca sexta larvae parasitized by Cotesia congregata","volume":"42","author":"Lavine M","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Insect Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0965-1748(02)00092-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092447"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Studies on biogenic amines and their metabolites in nervous tissue and haemolymph of adult male cabbage looper moths. 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