{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:46:57Z","timestamp":1777466817742,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,13]],"date-time":"2006-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1137110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Insect Biochem Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Digestive \u03b1\u2010amylases play an essential role in insect carbohydrate metabolism. These enzymes belong to an endo\u2010type group. They catalyse starch hydrolysis, and are involved in energy production. Larvae of <jats:italic>Zabrotes subfasciatus<\/jats:italic>, the Mexican bean weevil, are able to infest stored common beans <jats:italic>Phaseolus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>, causing severe crop losses in Latin America and Africa. Their \u03b1\u2010amylase (ZSA) is a well\u2010studied but not completely understood enzyme, having specific characteristics when compared to other insect \u03b1\u2010amylases. This report provides more knowledge about its chemical nature, including a description of its optimum pH (6.0 to 7.0) and temperature (20\u201330\u00b0C). Furthermore, ion effects on ZSA activity were also determined, showing that three divalent ions (Mn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, and Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) were able to enhance starch hydrolysis. Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> appeared to decrease \u03b1\u2010amylase activity by half. ZSA kinetic parameters were also determined and compared to other insect \u03b1\u2010amylases. A three\u2010dimensional model is proposed in order to indicate probable residues involved in catalysis (Asp<jats:sub>204<\/jats:sub>, Glu<jats:sub>240<\/jats:sub>, and Asp<jats:sub>305<\/jats:sub>) as well other important residues related to starch binding (His<jats:sub>118<\/jats:sub>, Ala<jats:sub>206<\/jats:sub>, Lys<jats:sub>207<\/jats:sub>, and His<jats:sub>304<\/jats:sub>). Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 61:77\u201386, 2006. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.20099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,14]],"date-time":"2006-01-14T01:16:37Z","timestamp":1137201397000},"page":"77-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Structure and enzyme properties of <i>Zabrotes subfasciatus<\/i> \u03b1\u2010amylase"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Patr\u00edcia B.","family":"Pelegrini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 M.","family":"Murad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria F.","family":"Grossi\u2010de\u2010S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciane 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