{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T17:17:40Z","timestamp":1774891060597,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Insect Biochem Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding gene expression in specific tissues and their modulation under environmental stimuli, such as nutritional deficiency, reveals the key physiological regulatory mechanisms of an organism. This study examined the tissue\u2010specific expression of insulin\u2010like peptide (ILP) genes (<jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>BmZ<\/jats:italic>) in <jats:italic>Bombyx mori<\/jats:italic> larvae and their responses to hyperglycaemia, food deprivation and hormonal (20\u2010hydroxyecdysone and bovine insulin) treatments. mRNA expression levels of <jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>BmZ<\/jats:italic> were analyzed in the brain, fat body, midgut and ovary. The results revealed that <jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> was highly expressed in the fat body, while both genes were abundant in the ovary. Hyperglycaemia increased <jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression level in the midgut (3.07\u2010fold) and brain (7.53\u2010fold), while <jats:italic>BmZ<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression level was increased in all tissues except the midgut. Nutrient deficiency upregulated <jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression level (1.36\u2010fold) in the fat body while reducing it (\u22120.53\u2010fold) in the midgut. Food deprivation progressively increased (0.77\u2010fold at 24\u2009h and 2.34\u2010fold at 72\u2009h) <jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression level in the fat body, while both <jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>BmZ<\/jats:italic> transcripts declined in the midgut. Insulin suppressed <jats:italic>BmX<\/jats:italic> (\u22120.25\u2010fold) and <jats:italic>BmZ<\/jats:italic> (\u22120.91\u2010fold) mRNA expression levels in food\u2010deprived larvae in the fat body, whereas 20E consistently downregulated <jats:italic>BmX, BmZ<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>BmInR<\/jats:italic> (insulin receptor) mRNA expression levels in all the conditions. These findings revealed the complex interaction of gene expression, tissue specificity, and environmental factors in <jats:italic>B. mori<\/jats:italic> larvae and provided insights into adaptive responses to nutritional stress and hormonal regulation in the insect with potential applications in sericulture and agricultural biotechnology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.70054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T07:41:06Z","timestamp":1744789266000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Unravelling the Role of Insulin\u2010Like Peptide Genes in <i>Bombyx mori<\/i>: Potential Key Regulators of Insect Metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Creaminar D.","family":"Shira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology North\u2010Eastern Hill University Shillong India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanmoni","family":"Malakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology North\u2010Eastern Hill University Shillong India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6563-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bidyadhar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology North\u2010Eastern Hill University Shillong India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12861-019-0194-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.21524"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2013.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.28.609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2019.103185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00068-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405775102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)65284-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2023.104028"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Properties of the Bombyx mori Insulin\u2010Like Peptide (BmILP) Gene","volume":"13","author":"Chen X.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invertebrate Survival Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1433.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2017.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54962-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.13201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2014.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(02)01043-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01938875"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Insulin through the Ages: Phylogeny of a Growth Promoting and Metabolic Regulatory Hormone","volume":"40","author":"Jin Chan S.","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Zoologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-023-01621-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14411\/eje.2015.088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2021.110579"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects14010047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2015.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2022.103848"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2023.104521"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2010.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5582\/ddt.2016.01016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018292"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1056-8727(02)00183-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00217","article-title":"Insulin\u2010Like and Igf\u2010Like Peptides In the Silkmoth Bombyx mori: Discovery, Structure, Secretion, and Function","volume":"4","author":"Mizoguchi A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(84)90234-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-015-2063-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2008.06859.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2009.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.007948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.004891"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0491(97)00166-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zool.2021.125927"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eea.12981"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12060547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2015.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gep.2017.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjq020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00434"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.15259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2011.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.13463"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.857239"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/finsc.2024.1360320"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2022.103847"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25146-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2000963117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-017-4123-6"}],"container-title":["Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/arch.70054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T13:05:52Z","timestamp":1746709552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/arch.70054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/arch.70054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/arch.70054","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0739-4462","1520-6327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0739-4462","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70054"}}