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Collectively, the genes encoding these enzymes are referred to as Halloween genes. While the importance of these enzymes in oogenesis is well\u2010documented in holometabolous insects, less is known about their oogenic role in hemipterans. To address this, we used RNA interference\u2010mediated knockdown to determine the role that the Halloween transcripts\n                    <jats:italic>neverland<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>spookiest<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>shroud<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>phantom<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>disembodied<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>shadow<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>shade<\/jats:italic>\n                    have on oogenesis and fertility in the western tarnished plant bug,\n                    <jats:italic>Lygus hesperus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Knight. Knockdown of\n                    <jats:italic>neverland<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>spookiest<\/jats:italic>\n                    severely curtailed oogenesis and resulted in little to no oviposition,\n                    <jats:italic>phantom<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockdown had no impact on oogenesis but reduced oviposition and egg hatch, and\n                    <jats:italic>shadow<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockdown resulted in reduced egg hatch. In contrast, knockdown of\n                    <jats:italic>shroud<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>disembodied<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>shade<\/jats:italic>\n                    had no observable effects on oogenesis, oviposition, or hatch rate. While this study demonstrates the critical reproductive role of some Halloween genes in\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>hesperus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , it also raises questions regarding how broadly conserved the current ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway is across insects.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.70211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:35:25Z","timestamp":1788500125000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RNAi\u2010Mediated Knockdown of Halloween Genes in\n                    <i>Lygus hesperus<\/i>\n                    Has Varied Effects on Oogenesis and Fertility"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Yu\u2010Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3597-6707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelien Van","family":"Ekert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2040-8815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inana X.","family":"Schutze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roni J.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3893-9545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Fabrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2078-1417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin S.","family":"Brent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7991-3045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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