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The antioxidant activity of CQPN against various radicals was investigated and its anti\u2010cancer properties against different human tumor cell lines including the solid tumor cell lines hepatocarcinoma (Hep\u2010G2) and breast carcinoma (MCF\u20107); the hematopoietic tumor cell line lymphoblastic leukemia (1301) was also explored. CQPN activities were compared to that of the known nitrone C\u2010phenyl\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>tert<\/jats:italic>\u2010butyl nitrone (PBN). Our results showed that although PBN was the stronger antioxidant than CQPN, the latter was an effective scavenger of different non\u2010physiological (1,1\u2010diphenyl\u20102\u2010picrylhyrazyl) and physiological (peroxyl and hydroxyl) radicals. Both of CQPN and PBN possess a significant inhibitory property against LPS\u2010stimulated NO production in macrophage. CQPN and PBN treatment resulted in a growth inhibition in Hep\u2010G2 cells (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> 31.42 \u03bcM and 18.6 \u03bcM, respectively). Unlike PBN, CQPN strongly inhibited the growth of MCF\u20107 cells (IC<jats:sub>50 <\/jats:sub>14.01 \u03bcM) in a dose\u2010dependent manner. On contrary, CQPN and PBN exhibited a proliferative stimulatory activity of the immune cells including macrophages and lymphocytes. Exploring the cytotoxic effect of CQPN against MCF\u20107 cells indicated that CQPN led to a major time\u2010dependent disturbance in the cell\u2010cycle phases including progressive arrest in both S\u2010 and G<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/M\u2010phases. This disturbance was found to be associated with a kinetic induction of apoptosis. The novel nitrone derivative CQPN is a strong antioxidant, though less than PBN, and it may be an effective anti\u2010proliferative compound against breast carcinoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.200500250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]],"date-time":"2006-04-03T14:23:30Z","timestamp":1144074210000},"page":"242-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["C\u2010(2\u2010Chloroquinoline\u20103\u2010yl)\u2010<i>N<\/i>\u2010phenyl Nitrone: New Synthetic Antioxidant Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Breast Carcinoma MCF\u20107 Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"339","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amira M.","family":"Gamal\u2010Eldeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdel\u2010Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gamal El\u2010Din","family":"Abuo\u2010Rahma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisham","family":"Abdel\u2010Nabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdel\u2010Hamid","family":"Nagib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo00100a016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo00293a013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(96)00547-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12417-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-8206.2003.00158.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"224","volume":"140","author":"Khallow K. 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