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Herein, we report the discovery that 5\u2010nitro\u20105\u2032hydroxy\u2010indirubin\u20103\u2032oxime (5\u2032\u2010HNIO) is a novel inducer of cell transdifferentiation. 5\u2032\u2010HNIO induced muscle transdifferentiation into adipogenic and osteogenic cells. 5\u2032\u2010HNIO was shown to inhibit aurora kinase A, which is a known cell fate regulator. 5\u2032\u2010HNIO produced a favorable level of transdifferentiation compared to other aurora kinase inhibitors and induced transdifferentiation across cell lineage boundaries. Significantly, 5\u2032\u2010HNIO treatment produced direct transdifferentiation without up\u2010regulating potentially oncogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming factors. Thus, our results demonstrate that 5\u2032\u2010HNIO is an attractive molecular tool for cell transdifferentiation and cell fate research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.201400223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]],"date-time":"2014-09-02T10:57:01Z","timestamp":1409655421000},"page":"806-818","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["5\u2010Nitro\u20105\u2032hydroxy\u2010indirubin\u20103\u2032oxime Is a Novel Inducer of Somatic Cell Transdifferentiation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"347","author":[{"given":"Da\u2010Woon","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Drug Targets Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young J.","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of Medicine Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soo\u2010Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Drug Targets Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woong\u2010Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Drug Targets Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinae","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Drug Targets Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Discovery Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haihong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Discovery Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darren R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Drug Targets Laboratory School of Life Sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg143"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.256149"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3543"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb400754f"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90585-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb200532v"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401958"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(79)90317-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb3003368"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb4008277"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2112"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","first-page":"358","volume":"3","author":"Kuo C. 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