{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:21:22Z","timestamp":1781598082364,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,19]],"date-time":"2019-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, Qassim University","award":["3859-cosao-2018-1-14-s"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3859-cosao-2018-1-14-s"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A series of new lawsone Mannich bases derived from salicylaldehydes or nitrofurfural were prepared and tested for their activities against <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei brucei<\/jats:italic> parasites. The hydrochloride salts 5a and <jats:bold>6a<\/jats:bold> of the Mannich bases <jats:bold>2a<\/jats:bold> and <jats:bold>3a<\/jats:bold>, derived from unsubstituted salicylaldehyde and long\u2010chained alkyl amines, were selectively and strongly active against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> cells and appear to be new promising drug candidates against this parasite. Compound <jats:bold>6a<\/jats:bold> showed an even higher activity against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> than the known lawsone Mannich base <jats:bold>1b<\/jats:bold>. Compound <jats:bold>4a<\/jats:bold>, derived from salicylaldehyde and 2\u2010methylaminopyridine, was also distinctly active against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> cells. The derivatives <jats:bold>3a<\/jats:bold> (salicyl derivative), <jats:bold>3b<\/jats:bold> (3,5\u2010dichloro\u20102\u2010hydroxyphenyl derivative), and <jats:bold>3d<\/jats:bold> (5\u2010nitrofuranyl derivative) as well as the hydrochlorides <jats:bold>6a<\/jats:bold> and <jats:bold>6b<\/jats:bold> were also efficacious against <jats:italic>T. b. brucei<\/jats:italic> cells with compounds <jats:bold>3a<\/jats:bold> and <jats:bold>3b<\/jats:bold> being more selective for <jats:italic>T. b. brucei<\/jats:italic> over Vero cells when compared with the known control compound <jats:bold>1b<\/jats:bold>. The derivatives <jats:bold>5a, 5c, 6a<\/jats:bold>, and <jats:bold>6c<\/jats:bold> proved to be up to five times more active than <jats:bold>1b<\/jats:bold> against <jats:italic>L. major<\/jats:italic> promastigotes and up to four times more efficacious against <jats:italic>L. major<\/jats:italic> amastigotes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.201900128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,19]],"date-time":"2019-09-19T16:03:41Z","timestamp":1568909021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Antiparasitic activities of new lawsone Mannich bases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"352","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Al Nasr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Arts in Unaizah Qassim University  Unaizah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass Qassim University  Ar Rass Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Jentzsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology University of Bayreuth  Bayreuth Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology University of Bayreuth  Bayreuth Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Schobert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory University of Bayreuth  Bayreuth Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Ersfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology University of Bayreuth  Bayreuth Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waleed S.","family":"Koko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass Qassim University  Ar Rass Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adil A. 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