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In the present study, we investigated the protective impacts of silymarin (SIL) and silymarin nanoemulsion (SLN) against cardiotoxicity caused by 5\u2010FU in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups as follows: control, SLN (5\u2009mg\/kg), SIL (5\u2009mg\/kg), 5\u2010FU\u2009+\u2009SLN, 5\u2010FU\u2009+\u2009SIL, and 5\u2010FU. Cardiotoxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 5\u2010FU (100\u2009mg\/kg). The control group received an intraperitoneal injection (ip) of normal saline and the treatment groups received ips of SIL and SLN for 14 days. 5\u2010FU resulted in significant cardiotoxicity, represented by an increase in the serum levels of cardiac enzymes and malondialdehyde, as well as cyclooxygenase\u20102 (COX\u20102) and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1) expression, and histopathological degeneration. 5\u2010FU treatment also induced a decrease in body weight, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and catalase values. Evaluation of electrocardiographic parameters in 5\u2010FU\u2010treated rats showed increases in the ST segment, QRS duration, and RR interval. Treatment with SIL and SLN reduced oxidative stress, cardiac enzymes, histopathological degeneration, and the expression of TNF\u2010\u03b1 and COX\u20102 in cardiac tissue. Our results demonstrated that treatment with SIL and SLN significantly improved cardiotoxicity induced by 5\u2010FU in rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202200060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T03:39:41Z","timestamp":1649734781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Cardioprotective effect of silymarin nanoemulsion on 5\u2010fluorouracil\u2010induced cardiotoxicity in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"355","author":[{"given":"Soheila","family":"Safarpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samaneh","family":"Safarpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali A.","family":"Moghadamnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"},{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8068-5745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sohrab","family":"Kazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anahita","family":"Ebrahimpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Shirafkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razieh","family":"Mansoori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravieh","family":"Golchoobian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences  Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809402800314"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198916040-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-6306-2_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1074"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102144"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M610621200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-7-212"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1758835918780140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.910537"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-020-0719-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"16","volume":"10","author":"Cwikiel M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scanning Microsc."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0960327106ht628oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ci0501746"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyi071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-019-0044-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1996.tb06014.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(96)00134-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.430290109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01480545.2014.992072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"916","volume":"19","author":"Razavi B. 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