{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:46:47Z","timestamp":1787838407697,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006662","name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pericles.pericles-gcp.literatumonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urease is a metalloenzyme including two Ni<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ions, found in some plants, bacteria, fungi, microorganisms, invertebrate animals, and animal tissues. Urease acts as a significant virulence factor, mainly in catheter blockage and infective urolithiasis as well as in the pathogenesis of gastric infection. Therefore, studies on urease lead to novel synthetic inhibitors. In this review, the synthesis and antiurease activities of a collection of privileged synthetic heterocycles such as (thio)barbiturate, (thio)urea, dihydropyrimidine, and triazol derivatives were described and discussed according to structure\u2013activity relationship findings in search of the best moieties and substituents that are answerable for encouraging the desired activity even more potent than the standard. It was found that linking substituted phenyl and benzyl rings to the heterocycles led to potent urease inhibitors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202300252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T06:36:15Z","timestamp":1688452575000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An overview of\u00a0the privileged synthetic heterocycles as urease enzyme inhibitors: Structure\u2013activity relationship"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Saghi","family":"Sepehri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran"},{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Khedmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2020.104336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"435","volume":"69","author":"Sumner J. B.","year":"1926","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2RA08284E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2005.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.59.3.451-480.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(99)80026-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543776.2011.574615"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.443"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"393","volume":"161","author":"Sch\u00e4fer U. K.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7754395"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65107-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004472"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-016-0028-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcatb.2015.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.130845"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.4165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2019.1706503"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103170"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja3043239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ct5000023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2018.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2018.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202200307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i16.1907"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202000023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22158212"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2016.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2020.104057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00150"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00775-013-0983-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2018.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10103523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2020.115759"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11224-020-01617-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c00468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90104-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.129959"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.9b01541"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25122766"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112363"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/amb.2000.47.3.170"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MD00058F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-113832"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtice.2017.04.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.10.070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-019-10032-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570178616666191004111058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1RA08694D"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55730\/1300-0527.3358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2022.133078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2017.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2017.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202200158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(21)00232-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2022.891484"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2021.102120"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2022.108291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2022.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2022.105806"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2019.118702"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2021.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.11.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2010.12.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-077X(96)80072-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.09.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2017.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24020312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.102928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.201900710"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.4006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11696-021-01653-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","first-page":"209","volume":"35","author":"Ali S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c03779"}],"container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ardp.202300252","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T12:05:28Z","timestamp":1693915528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ardp.202300252"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ardp.202300252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ardp.202300252","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0365-6233","1521-4184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0365-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4184","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2300252"}}